Effects of land cover type on carabid beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) of the Canterbury foothills, New Zealand

IF 1.5 4区 农林科学 Q2 FORESTRY
L. Berndt, E. Brockerhoff
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引用次数: 3

Abstract

Background: Land cover changes during the recent history of New Zealand have had a major impact on its largely endemic and iconic biodiversity. As in many other countries, large areas of native forest have been replaced by other land cover and are now in exotic pasture grassland or plantation forest. Ground beetles (Carabidae) are often used as ecological indicators, they provide ecosystem services such as pest control, and some species are endangered. However, few studies in New Zealand have assessed the habitat value for carabid beetles of natural forest, managed regenerating natural forest, pine plantation forest and pasture. Methods: We compared the carabid beetle assemblages of natural forest of Nothofagus solandri var solandri (also known as Fuscospora solandri or black beech), regenerating N. solandri forest managed for timber production, exotic pine plantation forest and exotic pasture, using pitfall traps. The study was conducted at Woodside Forest in the foothills of the Southern Alps, North Canterbury, New Zealand, close to an area where the critically endangered carabid Holcaspis brevicula was found. Results: A total of 1192 carabid individuals from 23 species were caught during the study. All but two species were native to New Zealand, with the exotic species present only in low numbers and one of these only in the pasture habitat. Carabid relative abundance and the number of species was highest in the pine plantation, where a total of 15 species were caught; however, rarefied species richness did not differ significantly between habitats. The sampled carabid beetle assemblages were similar across the three forested habitat types but differed significantly from the pasture assemblages based on unconstrained and canonical analyses of principal coordinates. Holcaspis brevicula was not detected in this area. Conclusions: Our results show that managed or exotic habitats may provide habitat to species-rich carabid assemblages although some native species occur only in natural, undisturbed vegetation. Nevertheless, it is important to acknowledge the potential contribution of these land uses and land cover types to the conservation of native biodiversity and to consider how these can be managed to maximise conservation opportunities.
新西兰坎特伯雷山麓土地覆被类型对小甲虫的影响
背景:新西兰近代史上的土地覆盖变化对其地方性和标志性的生物多样性产生了重大影响。与许多其他国家一样,大面积的原生森林已被其他土地覆盖所取代,现在是外来的牧场、草地或人工林。地甲虫(Carabidae)经常被用作生态指标,它们提供诸如害虫控制等生态系统服务,有些物种濒临灭绝。然而,新西兰对天然林、管理再生天然林、松树人工林和牧场的瓢虫生境价值评价较少。方法:采用诱捕法比较了黑山毛榉(Nothofagus solandri var solandri,又称黑山毛榉Fuscospora solandri或黑山毛榉)天然林、人工林、外来松树人工林和外来牧场的山毛榉甲虫组合。这项研究是在新西兰北坎特伯雷南阿尔卑斯山山麓的伍德赛德森林进行的,靠近一个发现极度濒危的玳瑁的地区。结果:共捕获23种甲壳虫1192只。除了两个物种外,其他物种都是新西兰本土物种,外来物种的数量很少,其中一个物种只在牧场栖息地出现。松林鲫鱼相对丰度和种类最多,共捕获15种;不同生境间稀有物种丰富度差异不显著。基于主坐标的无约束分析和典型分析,3种森林生境类型的瓢虫类群基本相似,但与牧草类群存在显著差异。该地区未检出短尾Holcaspis brevicula。结论:管理生境或外来生境可能为种类丰富的甲壳动物群落提供栖息地,而一些本地物种只出现在自然的、未受干扰的植被中。然而,重要的是要认识到这些土地利用和土地覆盖类型对保护本地生物多样性的潜在贡献,并考虑如何对它们进行管理,以最大限度地提高保护机会。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
2.20
自引率
13.30%
发文量
20
审稿时长
39 weeks
期刊介绍: The New Zealand Journal of Forestry Science is an international journal covering the breadth of forestry science. Planted forests are a particular focus but manuscripts on a wide range of forestry topics will also be considered. The journal''s scope covers forestry species, which are those capable of reaching at least five metres in height at maturity in the place they are located, but not grown or managed primarily for fruit or nut production.
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