Characteristics of Patients with Asthma and Asthma Control: A Retrospective Analysis of Reported Data from Primary Healthcare Centers in Agadir city, Morocco (2013 - 2019)

Abstract

The study aims to describe the profile of asthma patients in Agadir city (Morocco) during a period of 7 years (2013 to 2019) to identify the factors associated with asthma control. Practically, a retrospective analysis was conducted on data collected from 6 primary healthcare centers (PHC) in the city. The reported data are the age, gender, location, date of first consultation, dates of consultations, and treatment of 701 patients and care centers (PHC). Also, the proportional odds model for ordinal logistic regression was used to determine the most variables can be associated with asthma control. The analysis reveals a spatial and temporal variation according to gender. The average age of patients is 43 years. The two-thirds of all recorded cases were reported in 2018 and 2019. Furthermore, the proportion of female and male represents 63% and 37% of the total reported cases, respectively. Generally, the female proportion is higher than male for all age groups. Moreover, the analysis reveals that the asthma control was reported for 19% of cases while the rest was uncontrolled. This control seems be more observed for males (OR: 1.28; 95% CI [0.87; 1.87]), for patients with age between 29 and 44 years (OR: 2.3; 95% CI [1.54; 3.44], p < 0. 001), and for patients who were cared for at the PHC1 center (OR: 21.06; 95% CI [11.13; 39.85], p < 0.001) and at the PHC2 center (OR: 13.19; 95% CI [6.54; 29.54], p < 0.001). Eventually, the current study emphasizes that the gender and care centers are the most associated factors of asthma control.