{"title":"Manipulating the design space to resolve trade-offs: Theory and evidence","authors":"Jordan Nickel, P. Robert Duimering, Ada Hurst","doi":"10.1016/j.destud.2022.101095","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Trade-offs between design goals have traditionally been studied using optimization approaches, which assume a fixed formulation and framing of the design problem. We propose a novel set-theory framework of design spaces to model the role of problem reformulation<span> and reframing in resolving design trade-offs. The framework predicts mechanisms by which the designer can alter the boundaries and structure of that space to alter or avoid Pareto frontiers in the original space. Empirical evidence from interviews with designers identifies eight distinct trade-off response mechanisms aligned with the framework's predictions. The framework and interview results provide a foundation for developing methodologies that encourage design space restructuring to avoid unnecessary design compromises and sacrifices.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":50593,"journal":{"name":"Design Studies","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 101095"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2000,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Design Studies","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0142694X22000151","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Trade-offs between design goals have traditionally been studied using optimization approaches, which assume a fixed formulation and framing of the design problem. We propose a novel set-theory framework of design spaces to model the role of problem reformulation and reframing in resolving design trade-offs. The framework predicts mechanisms by which the designer can alter the boundaries and structure of that space to alter or avoid Pareto frontiers in the original space. Empirical evidence from interviews with designers identifies eight distinct trade-off response mechanisms aligned with the framework's predictions. The framework and interview results provide a foundation for developing methodologies that encourage design space restructuring to avoid unnecessary design compromises and sacrifices.
期刊介绍：
Design Studies is a leading international academic journal focused on developing understanding of design processes. It studies design activity across all domains of application, including engineering and product design, architectural and urban design, computer artefacts and systems design. It therefore provides an interdisciplinary forum for the analysis, development and discussion of fundamental aspects of design activity, from cognition and methodology to values and philosophy.
Design Studies publishes work that is concerned with the process of designing, and is relevant to a broad audience of researchers, teachers and practitioners. We welcome original, scientific and scholarly research papers reporting studies concerned with the process of designing in all its many fields, or furthering the development and application of new knowledge relating to design process. Papers should be written to be intelligible and pertinent to a wide range of readership across different design domains. To be relevant for this journal, a paper has to offer something that gives new insight into or knowledge about the design process, or assists new development of the processes of designing.
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