Measuring net environmental impact from population growth and alternative energy

T. D. Edwards
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Abstract

Existing research on the relationship between economic growth and environmental impact has produced mixed results. Also, there has been a lack of attention on the effect of population, and per capita measures are used rather than total pollution. To address this gap, we analyze the role of population and alternative energy on the environment using total carbon dioxide emissions (CO2) in the United States. We propose a new model integrating population demographics into the Environmental Kuznets Curve, and then apply this framework to an empirical analysis. The effect of population and immigration on total CO2 is estimated, as well as the level of alternative energy use required to overcome increasing environmental pressure. Results suggest population and immigration growth may lead to an increase in total CO2 growth, but alternative energy may lower total CO2 growth after a threshold. Further, immigration and total CO2 growth exhibit a nonlinear relationship. 
衡量人口增长和替代能源对环境的净影响
关于经济增长与环境影响之间关系的现有研究得出了好坏参半的结果。此外,对人口的影响缺乏重视,使用人均指标而不是总污染。为了解决这一差距,我们使用美国的二氧化碳总排放量(CO2)来分析人口和替代能源对环境的作用。本文提出了一个将人口统计数据与环境库兹涅茨曲线相结合的新模型,并将其应用于实证分析。估计了人口和移民对二氧化碳总量的影响,以及克服日益增加的环境压力所需的替代能源使用水平。结果表明,人口和移民的增长可能导致总CO2增长的增加,但替代能源可能在一定阈值后降低总CO2增长。此外,移民与二氧化碳总量增长呈非线性关系。
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