Arteritis de células gigantes con presentación atípica: un reporte de caso

Abstract

Giant cell arteritis is a vasculitis that affects medium and large-sized blood vessels. It is more common in women and individuals over 70 years of age. It is characterized by headache, visual symptoms, and constitutional symptoms. Painful ophthalmoplejía and inflammatory orbitopathy are uncommon. A rare presentation is reported in a 73-year-old male with headache associated with eyelid ptosis, proptosis, painful ophthalmoplegia, and unilateral visual acuity decrease. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed optic neuritis with perineuritis, posterior scleritis, inflammation of the intraconal fat and extraocular muscles, as well as bilateral hypoechoic halo in temporal artery Doppler. The diagnosis was made using the new ACR/EULAR 2022 criteria. Giant cell arteritis should be considered among the possible etiological diagnoses for painful ophthalmoplegia and may be associated with inflammatory orbitopathy.