Elaboración y Validación de un Instrumento para la Medición de la Violencia Laboral Externa y sus Factores de Riesgo en Población de Trabajadores y Trabajadoras Chileno/as
Ximena Díaz Berr, A. Cardarelli, Cristián Villarroel Poblete, J. Cifuentes, Daniela Campos Schwarze
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引用次数: 3
Abstract
espanolLa violencia laboral externa, aquella que ejercen personas que no tienen una relacion de trabajo directa con las victimas (clientes, usuarios, asaltantes), es parte constitutiva de la violencia laboral, un problema de salud publica de creciente magnitud. En Chile la medicion de la violen cia laboral externa asi como sus vinculos con la salud mental han sido poco estudiados, en parte por la inexistencia de instrumentos de evaluacion. Objetivo:Elaborar y validar un instrumento para medir y caracterizar violencia externa, factores de riesgo y efectos en salud mental en trabajadores/as de la salud, educacion, retail y administracion publica. Metodologia:tecnicas cualitativas y cuantitativas: grupos focales, panel de expertos y aplicacion del instrumento a 554 trabaja dores/as. Resultados:El analisis factorial obtiene 7 factores referidos a violencia fisica, no fisica y a causas vinculadas al lugar de trabajo, los/ as usuarios/as y los/as trabajadores/as. La consistencia interna y confia bilidad del instrumento son estadisticamente significativas. Se confirma su capacidad para discriminar la existencia de violencia laboral externa, su intensidad y factores de riesgo en los sectores estudiados. No se observan correlaciones significativas con psicopatologia medida a tra ves del GHQ-12. Conclusiones:El instrumento tiene las propiedades para discriminar y medir la violencia laboral externa en los sectores estudiados. EnglishExternal workplace violence, is understood as that perpetrated by persons outside the organizations such us customers, users, assail ants, and it is a form of workplace violence, a problem of public health of growing magnitude. In Chile, the measurement of external labor violence as well as its links with mental health have been little studied, in part by the absence of evaluation tools. Objective:to develop and validate an instrument to measure and characterize external workplace violence, risk factors and effects on mental health in workers from the health, education, retail, and public administration. Methodology:qualitative and quantitative tech niques: focus groups, expert panel and application of the instrument to 554 workers. Results:factor analysis obtained 7 factors relating to physical, not physical violence and causes related to the work place, the users, and workers - men and women. The internal con sistency and reliability of the instrument are statistically significant. Confirms its ability to discriminate the existence of external work place violence, it intensity and risk factors in the studied sectors. Failure to observe significant correlations with psychopathology measured by GHQ-12. Conclusion:The instrument has the properties to discriminate and measure the external workplace violence in the sectors considered.