Perceptions of support trickle down: Effects on energetic resources via psychological empowerment

Abstract

Supervisor perceptions of support are key, as they can influence their subordinates' perceptions of support and well-being. Using a weekly diary data set of subordinates and their supervisors in Chile, we tested a trickle-down effect of perceived supervisor support across three hierarchical levels: upper managers, supervisors, and non-managerial employees. Drawing on the conservation of resources (COR) and social exchange theories as well as crossover research, we find that our model is largely supported. The findings revealed that supervisors' perceived support from managers (PMS) relates to subordinates' perceptions of support from their own supervisors (PSS). In turn, subordinates' PSS is positively associated with their emotional resource possession and sleep quality. Beyond these relationships, subordinates' psychological empowerment mediates the positive relationships between subordinates' PSS and their emotional resources as well as sleep quality. These findings suggest that supervisors who feel supported reciprocate with the more supportive treatment of subordinates, which likely enhances psychological empowerment, in turn driving the accumulation of emotional and physical resources.