Comparison of Spatiotemporal Distribution and Occurrence Conditions of Large and Small Hail Events in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region

IF 2.6 3区 地球科学 Q3 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
Chenxi Wang, D. Zheng, Yijun Zhang, Wen Yao, Wenjuan Zhang
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Using hail records at national meteorological stations for 2014–2018, ERA-interim reanalysis data and Doppler weather radar data, the spatiotemporal distribution of hail events (HEs) in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region is revealed, and the environmental conditions and hailstorm structures corresponding to large hail (diameter ≥ 20 mm) events (LHEs) and small hail (2 mm ≤ diameter < 20 mm) events (SHEs) are compared. It is found that although HEs may be more frequent in mountainous areas, most LHEs occur in the plains and near the foot of the mountains. HE frequency peaks in June and the average hailstone size is larger during May and June. According to daytime records, the HEs predominantly occur in the afternoon and evening, while LHE tends to be more in the evening. Comparison of environmental parameters suggests that relative to SHEs, LHEs tend to correspond to higher 2-m temperature, wetter lower layer, larger difference in RH between 925 and 500 hPa, greater unstable energy and stronger wind shear. Hailstorms associated with LHEs tend to feature greater mesoscale rotation velocity than those associated with SHEs. Hailstorms usually show rapid increase (RI) in vertically integrated liquid (VIL) before hailstones are observed. A significant difference between the hailstorms associated with LHEs and SHEs is that the former has obviously longer time interval between the end of VIL RI and the occurrence of hailfall, indicating that the large hail size benefits from the constant supply of liquid water and the hail can be lifted by updraft for long time.
京津冀地区大、小冰雹事件时空分布及发生条件比较
利用2014-2018年国家气象站冰雹记录、era -中期再分析资料和多普勒天气雷达资料,揭示了京津冀地区冰雹事件的时空分布,并比较了大冰雹(直径≥20 mm)事件和小冰雹(2 mm≤直径< 20 mm)事件的环境条件和冰雹结构。研究发现,虽然高氧血症在山区可能更为频繁,但大多数高氧血症发生在平原和山脚附近。HE频率在6月达到峰值,5月和6月平均冰雹大小较大。根据白天的记录,高强度活动主要发生在下午和晚上,而低强度活动则更多地发生在晚上。环境参数对比表明,相对于低气压,低气压对应的2 m温度较高,低层较湿,相对湿度在925 ~ 500 hPa之间差异较大,不稳定能量较大,风切变较强。与强震相关的冰雹比强震相关的冰雹具有更大的中尺度旋转速度。冰雹在观测前通常表现为垂直积分液体(VIL)的快速增加(RI)。LHEs与SHEs相关雹暴的显著差异在于前者VIL RI结束到冰雹发生的时间间隔明显较长,说明大冰雹的形成得益于液态水的持续供应,且上升气流可以长时间抬升冰雹。
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来源期刊
Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology
Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 地学-气象与大气科学
CiteScore
5.10
自引率
6.70%
发文量
97
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology (JAMC) (ISSN: 1558-8424; eISSN: 1558-8432) publishes applied research on meteorology and climatology. Examples of meteorological research include topics such as weather modification, satellite meteorology, radar meteorology, boundary layer processes, physical meteorology, air pollution meteorology (including dispersion and chemical processes), agricultural and forest meteorology, mountain meteorology, and applied meteorological numerical models. Examples of climatological research include the use of climate information in impact assessments, dynamical and statistical downscaling, seasonal climate forecast applications and verification, climate risk and vulnerability, development of climate monitoring tools, and urban and local climates.
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