The Hormesis Model for Building Resilience Through Adversity: Attention to Mechanism in Developmental Context

IF 3.6 2区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Review of General Psychology Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI:10.1177/10892680221142020

A. Oshri

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引用次数: 2

Abstract

In developmental science, resilience refers to children and youths’ ability to recover and pursue positive development in the face of stress related to adversity. Extant research has documented protective factors and ecological contexts that mitigate the impact of adversity and thereby promote resilience. One intriguing aspect of resilience is that individuals also develop strength in response to early adversity. However, very little theoretical guidance exists on the developmental mechanisms and contexts through which early adversity may lead to strengthening effects that confer the process of resilience. The strengthening mechanism in the context of specific circumscribed environmental stress is a process known in the field of toxicology as hormesis. It is proposed here that the study of resilience in developmental and psychological sciences can benefit from shifting more attention to the hormesis model. The hormesis model is reviewed and discussed as a promising perspective on mechanisms, developmental timing, and context through which adversity strengthens or impedes resilience.

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逆境中建立弹性的激效模型:对发展背景下机制的关注

在发展科学中，弹性是指儿童和青少年在面对逆境带来的压力时恢复和追求积极发展的能力。现有的研究已经证明了保护因素和生态环境可以减轻逆境的影响，从而提高复原力。韧性的一个有趣的方面是，个体也会在早期的逆境中发展出力量。然而，关于早期逆境可能导致赋予弹性过程的强化效应的发展机制和背景的理论指导很少。在特定的限制性环境应激条件下，这种强化机制在毒理学领域被称为激效效应。本文提出，将更多的注意力转移到激效模型上可以使发展科学和心理科学的弹性研究受益。本文回顾和讨论了激效模型作为逆境增强或阻碍弹性的机制、发育时间和背景的一个有希望的观点。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Review of General Psychology PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-

CiteScore

7.60

自引率

4.80%

发文量

期刊介绍： Review of General Psychology seeks to publish innovative theoretical, conceptual, or methodological articles that cross-cut the traditional subdisciplines of psychology. The journal contains articles that advance theory, evaluate and integrate research literatures, provide a new historical analysis, or discuss new methodological developments in psychology as a whole. Review of General Psychology is especially interested in articles that bridge gaps between subdisciplines in psychology as well as related fields or that focus on topics that transcend traditional subdisciplinary boundaries.