Human impact on vegetation at Lago di Vedana (Dolomites, Northern Italy) during the last seven centuries

IF 3.3 2区地球科学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Anthropocene Pub Date : 2023-09-07 DOI:10.1016/j.ancene.2023.100401

Irene Sophie Polgar , Bernd Zolitschka , Hermann Behling

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Abstract

Studying the legacies of past human-environment interactions is essential for understanding current landscape and biodiversity patterns. Human influences on past terrestrial and aquatic vegetation are reconstructed based on palynological analysis conducted on a sediment core from Lago di Vedana (Province of Belluno, Northern Italy). This study represents the first pollen record from the Dolomitic lowlands with varying anthropogenic influences throughout the last 700 years. The radiocarbon-dated pollen record begins ca. A.D. 1300 with semi-open forest and moderate human impact, possibly due to activities of the nearby hospice of San Gottardo. Human impact increased with the foundation of the Vedana Charterhouse in the immediate catchment of the lake in A.D. 1457. Activities of the monks involved extensive forest clearing, cultivation of Cannabis/Humulus and possibly hemp retting. In the 19th century the composition of cultivated species changed following the transformation of the Charterhouse into a farm. The 20th century is characterized by expansion of forest taxa and a distinct decline of human influences, probably due to a rural exodus and abandonment of agricultural activities. Vegetation development at Lago di Vedana is consistent with general trends in the Italian Alps and reveals local cultivation practices. The results illustrate the close intertwinement of climatic trends and local human influences, modulated by regional socio-cultural developments during the last millennium.

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过去七个世纪人类对韦达那湖（意大利北部多洛米蒂）植被的影响

研究过去人类与环境相互作用的遗产对于理解当前的景观和生物多样性格局至关重要。通过对意大利北部贝卢诺省(Lago di Vedana)沉积物岩心进行孢粉学分析，重建了人类对过去陆地和水生植被的影响。这项研究代表了白云岩低地在过去700年中受到不同人为影响的第一个花粉记录。放射性碳定年的花粉记录始于公元1300年左右，当时有半开放的森林和适度的人类影响，可能是由于附近圣戈塔多临终关怀医院的活动。公元1457年，韦达纳查特豪斯(Vedana Charterhouse)在湖泊的直接集水区落成，人类的影响随之增加。僧侣的活动涉及广泛的森林砍伐、大麻/葎草的种植以及可能的大麻加工。在19世纪，随着查特豪斯被改造成农场，栽培物种的组成发生了变化。20世纪的特点是森林分类群的扩大和人类影响的明显下降，这可能是由于农村人口外流和农业活动的放弃。拉戈迪韦达纳的植被发育与意大利阿尔卑斯山的总体趋势一致，并揭示了当地的种植实践。结果表明，在过去一千年中，气候趋势与当地人类影响密切交织，受到区域社会文化发展的调节。

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来源期刊

Anthropocene Earth and Planetary Sciences-Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous)

CiteScore

6.30

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

102 days

期刊介绍： Anthropocene is an interdisciplinary journal that publishes peer-reviewed works addressing the nature, scale, and extent of interactions that people have with Earth processes and systems. The scope of the journal includes the significance of human activities in altering Earth’s landscapes, oceans, the atmosphere, cryosphere, and ecosystems over a range of time and space scales - from global phenomena over geologic eras to single isolated events - including the linkages, couplings, and feedbacks among physical, chemical, and biological components of Earth systems. The journal also addresses how such alterations can have profound effects on, and implications for, human society. As the scale and pace of human interactions with Earth systems have intensified in recent decades, understanding human-induced alterations in the past and present is critical to our ability to anticipate, mitigate, and adapt to changes in the future. The journal aims to provide a venue to focus research findings, discussions, and debates toward advancing predictive understanding of human interactions with Earth systems - one of the grand challenges of our time.