Heat transfer attributes of Al2O3-Fe3O4/H2O hybrid nanofluid flow over a yawed cylinder

Abstract

Flow over yawed and unyawed blunt bodies often occurs in various engineering applications. The fluid flow over a yawed cylinder explains the practical significance of subsea applications such as transference control, separating the boundary layer above submerged blocks, and suppressing recirculating bubbles. The current study uses viscous dissipation to analyze the mixed convective hybrid nanofluid flow around a yawed cylinder. Unlike the standard nanofluid model, which only considers one type of nanoparticle, this work considers the hybridization of two types of nanoparticles: alumina (Al₂O₃) and magnetite (Fe₃O₄). A model was developed to investigate the heat transport behaviour of a hybrid nanofluid while accounting for the solid volume fraction. The flow problem is modelled in terms of highly nonlinear partial differential equations (NPDEs) subject to the appropriate boundary conditions. Then appropriate non-similar transformations were used to non-dimensionalize the governing equations. Furthermore, the non-dimensional governing equations were solved using the finite difference method (FDM) and the quasilinearisation technique. The effects of water and nanoparticle concentrations on the velocity and the temperature patterns were illustrated graphically. The hybrid nanofluid reduces the velocity distribution in the spanwise and chordwise directions while increasing the surface drag coefficient. The hybrid nanofluid's fluid temperature and energy transport strength was higher than the base fluid and nanofluid. Also, the temperature of the fluid rises as the energy transfer strength diminishes due to an increase in the Eckert number, which characterizes viscous dissipation. However, when the yaw angle increases in the chordwise and spanwise directions, so does the fluid's velocity. The new outcomes were compared to previously published research and were in good agreement.