Basque complex predicates and grammar change

Abstract

Grammar change gives rise to complex predicates, which are the product of a syntax that was free in a previous period and that doesn’t function freely any longer. This paper explores the evolution of two types of Basque complex predicates that are respectively perceived as verbal and nominal in today’s syntax, although they do not clearly exhibit overt verbal or nominal syntax. We will see that what is relevant in the description of the change is sometimes the basis of the difference between nominal and verbal predication. Both type of predicates will be shown to belong to a verbal or a nominal scheme, by means of word order and determiner distribution in their arguments.