Surface network and drainage network: towards a common data structure

IF 1.8 Q2 GEOGRAPHY
Éric Guilbert, Francis Lessard, N. Perreault, S. Jutras
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

The surface network is an application of the Morse-Smale complex to digital terrain models connecting ridges and thalwegs of the terrain in a planar, undirected graph. Although it provides a topological structure embedding critical elements of the terrain, its application to morphological analysis and hydrology remains limited mainly because the drainage network is the most relevant structure for analysis and it cannot be derived from the surface network. The drainage network is a directed, hierarchical graph formed by streams. Ridges of the surface network are not equivalent to drainage divides, which are not contained in the drainage network, and there is no direct association between thalwegs and streams. Therefore, this paper proposes to extend the surface network into a new structure that also embeds the drainage network. This is done by (1) revising the definition of ridges so that they include drainage divides and (2) assigning a flow direction to each thalweg, taking into account spurious depressions to avoid flow interruption. We show that this extended surface network can be used to compute the flow accumulation and different hydrographic features such as drainage basins and the Strahler order. The drainage network extracted from the extended surface network is compared to drainage networks computed with the traditional D8 approach in three case studies. Differences remain minor and are mainly due to the elevation inaccuracy in flat or slightly convex areas. Hence, the extended surface network provides a richer data structure allowing the use of a common topological data structure in both terrain analysis and hydrology.
地表网与排水网:走向共同的数据结构
地表网络是莫尔斯-斯莫尔复合体在数字地形模型中的一种应用,它将地形的脊和丘连接在一个平面无向图中。虽然它提供了嵌入地形关键要素的拓扑结构,但其在形态分析和水文学中的应用仍然有限,主要是因为排水网络是最相关的分析结构,不能从地表网络中推导出来。水系网是由水流形成的有向的、分层的图。地面网的山脊不等同于水系分水岭,水系不包含在水系网中,水系与水系之间没有直接联系。因此,本文建议将地表网络扩展为一种新的结构,该结构也嵌入了排水网络。这是通过(1)修改山脊的定义,使它们包括排水分界线和(2)为每个井指定一个流动方向,考虑到虚假的凹陷,以避免流动中断。研究表明,这种扩展的地表网络可以用来计算水流积累和不同的水文特征,如流域和斯特拉勒顺序。在三个案例研究中,将从扩展地表网络中提取的排水网络与传统D8方法计算的排水网络进行了比较。差异仍然很小,主要是由于在平坦或微凸区域的高程不准确。因此,扩展的地表网络提供了更丰富的数据结构,允许在地形分析和水文中使用共同的拓扑数据结构。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.10
自引率
0.00%
发文量
5
审稿时长
9 weeks
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