Phosphatidylserine-specific phospholipase A1: A friend or the devil in disguise

IF 14 1区医学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Progress in lipid research Pub Date : 2021-07-01 DOI:10.1016/j.plipres.2021.101112

Yang Zhao, Stephan Hasse, Sylvain G. Bourgoin

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引用次数: 12

Abstract

Various human tissues and cells express phospholipase A1 member A (PLA1A), including the liver, lung, prostate gland, and immune cells. The enzyme belongs to the pancreatic lipase family. PLA1A specifically hydrolyzes sn-1 fatty acid of phosphatidylserine (PS) or 1-acyl-lysophosphatidylserine (1-acyl-lysoPS). PS externalized by activated cells or apoptotic cells or extracellular vesicles is a potential source of substrate for the production of unsaturated lysoPS species by PLA1A. Maturation and functions of many immune cells, such as T cells, dendritic cells, macrophages, and mast cells, can be regulated by PLA1A and lysoPS. Several lysoPS receptors, including GPR34, GPR174 and P2Y10, have been identified. High serum levels and high PLA1A expression are associated with autoimmune disorders such as Graves' disease and systemic lupus erythematosus. Increased expression of PLA1A is associated with metastatic melanomas. PLA1A may contribute to cardiometabolic disorders through mediating cholesterol transportation and producing lysoPS. Furthermore, PLA1A is necessary for hepatitis C virus assembly and can play a role in the antivirus innate immune response. This review summarizes recent findings on PLA1A expression, lysoPS and lysoPS receptors in autoimmune disorders, cancers, cardiometabolic disorders, antivirus immune responses, as well as regulations of immune cells.

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磷脂酰丝氨酸特异性磷脂酶A1:是朋友还是伪装的魔鬼

多种人体组织和细胞表达磷脂酶A1成员A (PLA1A)，包括肝脏、肺、前列腺和免疫细胞。这种酶属于胰脂肪酶家族。PLA1A特异水解sn-1脂肪酸的磷脂酰丝氨酸(PS)或1-酰基-溶血磷脂酰丝氨酸(1-酰基-溶血ops)。活化细胞或凋亡细胞或细胞外囊泡外化的PS是PLA1A产生不饱和溶酶产物的潜在底物来源。许多免疫细胞的成熟和功能，如T细胞、树突状细胞、巨噬细胞和肥大细胞，都可以通过PLA1A和lysoPS来调节。已鉴定出几种溶酶ops受体，包括GPR34、GPR174和P2Y10。高血清水平和高PLA1A表达与自身免疫性疾病如格雷夫斯病和系统性红斑狼疮有关。PLA1A表达增加与转移性黑色素瘤有关。PLA1A可能通过介导胆固醇运输和产生溶酶ops而导致心脏代谢紊乱。此外，PLA1A是丙型肝炎病毒组装所必需的，可以在抗病毒先天免疫反应中发挥作用。本文综述了PLA1A表达、lysoPS和lysoPS受体在自身免疫性疾病、癌症、心脏代谢疾病、抗病毒免疫反应以及免疫细胞调控中的最新研究进展。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Progress in lipid research 生物-生化与分子生物学

CiteScore

24.50

自引率

2.20%

发文量

审稿时长

14.6 weeks

期刊介绍： The significance of lipids as a fundamental category of biological compounds has been widely acknowledged. The utilization of our understanding in the fields of biochemistry, chemistry, and physiology of lipids has continued to grow in biotechnology, the fats and oils industry, and medicine. Moreover, new aspects such as lipid biophysics, particularly related to membranes and lipoproteins, as well as basic research and applications of liposomes, have emerged. To keep up with these advancements, there is a need for a journal that can evaluate recent progress in specific areas and provide a historical perspective on current research. Progress in Lipid Research serves this purpose.