Strengthening Social Programs to Promote Economic Stability during Childhood.

Abstract

Income level is well established as a key macro context for child development, and a vast literature indicates that higher income during childhood promotes development in every domain (e.g. Akee, Copeland, Keeler, Angold, & Costello, 2010; Case & Paxson, 2011; G. B. Dahl & Lochner, 2012; G. J. Duncan, Magnuson, Kalil, & Ziol-Guest, 2012; G. J. Duncan, Yeung, Brooks-Gunn, & Smith, 2006; Ziol-Guest, Duncan, & Kalil, 2009). This evidence frequently provides both substantive and rhetorical basis for the creation and design of income support policies and early childhood education programs (National Academies of Sciences, 2019).