B-mode and Doppler ultrasonography in pony mares with experimentally induced ascending placentitis.

C S Bailey, J M Heitzman, C N Buchanan, C A Bare, R B Sper, L B Borst, M Macpherson, K Archibald, M Whitacre
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引用次数: 27

Abstract

Reasons for performing study: Early, accurate diagnosis of ascending placentitis in mares remains a key challenge for successful treatment of the disease. Doppler ultrasonography has shown promise as a tool to diagnose pregnancy abnormalities and is becoming more available to equine clinicians. However, to date, no studies have prospectively compared this technique to standard B-mode measurement of the combined thickness of the uterus and placenta (CTUP).

Objectives: The objective of the current study was to compare Doppler and B-mode ultrasonography for the detection of experimentally-induced ascending placentitis in mares.

Methods: Eleven healthy pony mares in late gestation were used in this study. Placentitis was induced in 6 mares between Days 280 and 295, while 5 mares served as negative controls. All mares were intensively monitored until delivery. Fetal heart rate, CTUP, uterine artery blood flow (resistance index, pulsatility index, arterial diameter and total arterial blood flow) and physical examination findings were recorded at each examination. Mares with an increased CTUP above published values were treated in accordance with published recommendations. Foals and fetal membranes were examined at birth. Ultrasonographic parameters were compared between groups using ANOVA. Foal viability and histological presence of placentitis were compared using a Fisher's exact test.

Results: The CTUP was increased above normal in 5 of 6 inoculated mares within 3 days after inoculation (P = 0.05). The sixth inoculated mare was excluded from subsequent data analysis. Uterine artery blood flow, physical examination findings and fetal heart rate were not different between groups. Gradual increases in CTUP, arterial diameter and total arterial blood flow were detected with increasing gestational age in the control mares (P = 0.02, P = 0.00001 and P = 0.00001, respectively).

Conclusion: The CTUP, but not uterine blood flow, was different between groups (P = 0.00001). Recorded CTUP values for control pony mares were similar to previously published values for light breed horses.

实验性升胎盘炎小马b超和多普勒超声检查。
开展研究的原因:对母马升胎盘炎的早期、准确诊断仍然是成功治疗该病的关键挑战。多普勒超声已经显示出作为诊断妊娠异常的工具的希望,并且越来越多地被马临床医生使用。然而,到目前为止,还没有研究将这种技术与子宫和胎盘联合厚度的标准b型测量(CTUP)进行前瞻性比较。目的:比较多普勒超声和b超对实验性母马升胎盘炎的检测效果。方法:以11匹健康的妊娠晚期母马为研究对象。在第280 ~ 295天诱导6匹母马发生胎盘炎,5匹母马作为阴性对照。所有母马在分娩前都受到密切监测。记录每次检查时的胎儿心率、CTUP、子宫动脉血流(阻力指数、搏动指数、动脉直径和总动脉血流)及体格检查结果。CTUP高于公布值的母马按照公布的建议进行治疗。马驹和胎膜在出生时被检查。超声参数组间比较采用方差分析。使用Fisher精确测试比较马驹生存能力和胎盘炎的组织学存在。结果:接种后3 d内,6匹马中有5匹CTUP高于正常水平(P = 0.05)。第六个接种的母马被排除在随后的数据分析之外。两组间子宫动脉血流、体格检查结果及胎儿心率无显著差异。对照母马CTUP、动脉直径和总动脉血流随胎龄增加而逐渐升高(P = 0.02、P = 0.00001和P = 0.00001)。结论:两组间CTUP差异有统计学意义(P = 0.00001),子宫血流量差异无统计学意义(P = 0.00001)。对照矮种马的CTUP记录值与先前公布的轻品种马的CTUP记录值相似。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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