Recent Advances of Mesoporous Nanoparticles in the Management of Dentin Hypersensitivity

Abstract

Dentin hypersensitivity (DH) is a highly prevalent condition that poses significant clinical and societal challenges. Conventional desensitizers are often hindered by poor dentinal tubule penetration and monofunctional nature. Owing to tunable size and unique porous architecture, mesoporous nanoparticles (MNs) can enter dentinal tubules to form a robust occlusive barrier while simultaneously releasing therapeutic agents, a multifunctional capacity that makes them promising candidates for DH therapy. Beginning with an overview of the etiology and pathogenesis of DH, this review then introduces the developmental characteristics and therapeutic advantages of MNs. After examining the factors that govern drug loading and release from MNs, it focuses on their applications in DH therapy, with particular emphasis on how different component combinations lead to distinct mechanisms of action and varied treatment outcomes. This review concludes by outlining future challenges and opportunities, such as overcoming the physical delivery barriers within dentinal tubules and achieving precise control over remineralization dynamics. Building on this review, the authors propose a multi‑in‑one desensitization strategy that employs a single, multicomponent nanoplatform which, under various actuation mechanisms, concurrently achieves physical occlusion, biomimetic mineralization, biofilm control, and cell-mediated mineralization for durable and effective treatment of DH.