Strategic Advances in the Total Syntheses of Opioids: Codeine, Morphine, and Related Alkaloids

IF 2.7 4区 化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ORGANIC
Dr. Ayan Mondal, Abhishek Mondal, Satadru Dutta, Prof. Dr. Alakesh Bisai
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Morphinan alkaloids, including codeine and morphine, are essential natural products with significant pharmacological importance, particularly for pain management. Their complex pentacyclic structure has driven extensive research in synthetic organic chemistry. This review explores the evolution of synthetic approaches to morphinan alkaloids, highlighting advancements in enantioselective strategies, asymmetric catalysis, and biomimetic synthesis. Key milestones, recent innovations in step-economical methods, are discussed. Modern techniques aim to improve yield, reduce steps, and enhance environmental sustainability. These synthetic achievements provide insights into developing opioid analgesics with reduced dependency risks, contributing to safer pain management strategies.

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阿片类药物:可待因、吗啡及相关生物碱的全合成研究进展
吗啡类生物碱,包括可待因和吗啡,是重要的天然产物,具有重要的药理意义,特别是对疼痛管理。它们复杂的五环结构推动了合成有机化学的广泛研究。本文综述了morphinan生物碱合成方法的发展,重点介绍了在对映选择性策略、不对称催化和仿生合成方面的进展。关键的里程碑,最近的创新步骤经济方法,进行了讨论。现代技术旨在提高产量,减少步骤,增强环境的可持续性。这些合成成果为开发具有更低依赖风险的阿片类镇痛药提供了见解,有助于制定更安全的疼痛管理策略。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.70
自引率
3.70%
发文量
372
期刊介绍: Organic chemistry is the fundamental science that stands at the heart of chemistry, biology, and materials science. Research in these areas is vigorous and truly international, with three major regions making almost equal contributions: America, Europe and Asia. Asia now has its own top international organic chemistry journal—the Asian Journal of Organic Chemistry (AsianJOC) The AsianJOC is designed to be a top-ranked international research journal and publishes primary research as well as critical secondary information from authors across the world. The journal covers organic chemistry in its entirety. Authors and readers come from academia, the chemical industry, and government laboratories.
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