Adaptive Thermogenesis After Hypocaloric Low-Carbohydrate Versus Low-Fat Diets in African American Women: A Secondary Analysis.

Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) Pub Date : 2025-09-10 DOI:10.1002/oby.70020

Silvia Y Lopez Torres, Barbara A Gower, W Timothy Garvey, Catia Martins

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Abstract

Objective: This secondary analysis was conducted to compare the magnitude of adaptive thermogenesis (AT) following hypocaloric low-carbohydrate (CHO) versus low-fat diets in African American (AA) women.

Methods: Sixty-nine AA women with obesity were randomized to low-CHO or low-fat hypocaloric diets for 10 weeks, followed by a 4-week weight stabilization period (all food provided). At baseline and Week 13, insulin sensitivity (S_I) was measured by intravenous glucose tolerance test, body composition by bioimpedance analysis, total energy expenditure (EE) (TEE) by doubly labeled water, and resting EE (REE) by indirect calorimetry.

Results: Forty women finished the intervention, with an average weight loss of 6.3 ± 3.9 kg and no differences between groups. AT was present at the level of REE (-75 ± 136 kcal/day, p < 0.003, n = 38), but not TEE (-80 ± 288 kcal/day, p = 0.086, n = 40) at Week 13. Women with low S_I on the low-fat diet showed greater AT at the level of TEE compared to those on the low-CHO diet (-202 ± 213 vs. 127 ± 239 kcal/day, respectively, p < 0.006).

Conclusions: AA women with low S_I on low-CHO diets do not experience AT, which can contribute to the superiority of this dietary approach in inducing weight and fat mass loss.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03499509 https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03499509.

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非洲裔美国妇女低热量低碳水化合物与低脂肪饮食后的适应性产热：一项次要分析。

目的：本次要分析比较了非洲裔美国女性低热量低碳水化合物饮食与低脂肪饮食后的适应性产热（AT）的大小。方法：69名AA女性肥胖患者随机接受低cho或低脂低热量饮食，为期10周，随后是4周的体重稳定期（所有食物均提供）。在基线和第13周，通过静脉葡萄糖耐量试验测量胰岛素敏感性（SI），通过生物阻抗分析测量体成分，通过双标记水测量总能量消耗（EE）（TEE），通过间接量热法测量静息EE （REE）。结果：40名妇女完成干预，平均体重减轻6.3±3.9 kg，组间无差异。在REE水平下存在AT(-75±136 kcal/day)，低脂饮食的I在TEE水平下的AT比低cho饮食的I表现出更大的AT（分别为-202±213 vs 127±239 kcal/day）。p结论：低SI低cho饮食的AA女性不会经历AT，这可能有助于这种饮食方式在诱导体重和脂肪减少方面的优势。试验注册：ClinicalTrials.gov标识符：NCT03499509 https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03499509。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.)

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