Eyelid Involvement as a Standalone Ophthalmological Finding of Lupus.

Abstract

The aim was to present the clinical characteristics of patients with eyelid involvement as an isolated ophthalmological manifestation of lupus erythematosus. Four of 5 patients had eyelid lesions due to systemic lupus erythematosus, while 1 had eyelid involvement secondary to discoid lupus erythematosus. In 3 patients, the initial manifestation was an isolated eyelid lesion, with no prior diagnosis of lupus. In all cases, the lesion was unilateral and localized to the lower eyelid. All patients experienced symptoms for at least 6 months. The lesions commonly presented as erythematous plaques with indistinct borders, surrounding hyperemia, and madarosis. The diagnosis was confirmed histopathologically in all patients through biopsy of the affected eyelid. Common histopathological findings included focal acanthosis, basal vacuolar degeneration in the epidermis, and mononuclear cell infiltration in the dermis. In cases where the lesions are unresponsive to local treatment and present as erythematous plaques, biopsy should be considered.