Transcript and temporal-specific RNA nucleotide editing technologies

Abstract

Modified RNA nucleotides have emerged as a rapidly growing field due to their critical roles in post-transcriptional gene regulation. Early approaches investigating epitranscriptomic regulation primarily involved altering the expression of RNA nucleotide editing enzymes. However, the global perturbation of RNA nucleotide modifications complicates the investigation of site-specific effects of individual modifications on transcripts. To address this limitation, researchers have developed novel RNA modification editing tools that use CRISPR, antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs), chemical ligands, and light to selectively target RNA editing enzymes to chosen RNA sites with precise temporal control. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of current spatiotemporal controlled RNA nucleotide editing technologies.