Diagnostic value of blood coagulation index in obstetric antiphospholipid syndrome and its subtypes

Abstract

Objective

To characterize blood coagulation index in obstetric antiphospholipid syndrome (OAPS) and its subtypes, analyzing correlations with immunological indices and diagnostic value.

Methods

A retrospective analysis was performed on OAPS patients treated at the Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, from September 2023 to March 2024. Healthy women of the same age range were matched for comparison.

Results

A total of 102 OAPS patients and 80 matched healthy controls were included. OAPS patients exhibited significantly lower levels of complement factors C3 and C4, coagulation factors V and VII activities, and protein S activity (p < 0.05). Conversely, they had elevated levels of anti-β2 glycoprotein I antibodies, platelets, thrombin–antithrombin complex (TAT), thromboelastographic reaction time (R), maximum amplitude (MA), clot formation index (CI), von Willebrand factor activity, coagulation factor VIII activity, and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) (p < 0.05). Among OAPS patients, criteria OAPS cases showed significantly higher anti-β2-GPI antibodies and anticardiolipin antibody levels (p < 0.01), with more spontaneous abortions and fetal deaths in this group (p < 0.01).

Conclusion

Correlations were found between immunological indices (ANA, complement C3, anti-β2-GPI) and coagulation indices (TAT, APTT). ANA, complement C3, anti-β2-GPI antibodies, and TAT were identified as risk factors for predicting OAPS. Blood coagulation and immune indices correlate in OAPS. Detecting these indices may provide diagnostic value for OAPS and its subtypes.