Super rapid learning of new attentional sets.

IF 3.2 3区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review Pub Date : 2025-07-07 DOI:10.3758/s13423-025-02728-z

Seth A Marx, Sisi Wang, Geoffrey F Woodman

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Humans guide attention to different targets as they navigate (e.g., going from a school zone to a construction zone while driving). To understand how observers shift focus between different sets of targets when the context shifts, we had observers perform a new visual search paradigm where target shapes are presented in multiple possible colors with distinct probabilities (e.g., 33%, 26%, 19%, 12%, and 10% baseline colors), such that some target colors are more task-relevant than others. Participants learned to prioritize the target colors that appeared with the target shape most often. We then scrambled the color-probability mapping to assess how quickly people could relearn a new set of target probabilities. Participants relearned these new colors significantly faster than their first set of colors, especially when there was less conflict between the new and old attentional sets. Our findings suggest that memory-guided attention is rapidly and continuously relearning to update task-relevant probabilities.

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对新注意力的快速学习。

人类在导航时将注意力引导到不同的目标上（例如，开车时从学校区域到建筑区域）。为了理解观察者如何在上下文变化时在不同目标组之间转移焦点，我们让观察者执行一种新的视觉搜索范式，其中目标形状以多种可能的颜色以不同的概率呈现（例如，33%,26%,19%，12%和10%的基线颜色），这样一些目标颜色比其他目标颜色更与任务相关。参与者学会了优先考虑与目标形状一起出现次数最多的目标颜色。然后，我们打乱了颜色-概率映射，以评估人们能多快地重新学习一组新的目标概率。参与者重新学习这些新颜色的速度明显快于他们的第一组颜色，特别是当新旧注意集之间的冲突较少时。我们的研究结果表明，记忆引导的注意力是快速和持续的重新学习，以更新任务相关的概率。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review Multiple-

CiteScore

6.70

自引率

2.90%

发文量

165

期刊介绍： The journal provides coverage spanning a broad spectrum of topics in all areas of experimental psychology. The journal is primarily dedicated to the publication of theory and review articles and brief reports of outstanding experimental work. Areas of coverage include cognitive psychology broadly construed, including but not limited to action, perception, & attention, language, learning & memory, reasoning & decision making, and social cognition. We welcome submissions that approach these issues from a variety of perspectives such as behavioral measurements, comparative psychology, development, evolutionary psychology, genetics, neuroscience, and quantitative/computational modeling. We particularly encourage integrative research that crosses traditional content and methodological boundaries.