Optimal Isatidis Radix extract enhances growth, immunity, modifies immune-gene action and intestinal health in hybrid snakehead (Channa maculata ♀ × Channa argus ♂) against rhabdovirus

IF 4.1 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Fish & shellfish immunology Pub Date : 2025-06-27 DOI:10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110529

Shuzhan Fei , Jiamin Kang , Junhao Zhang , Haiyang Liu , Qing Luo , Jian Zhao , Mi Ou

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Abstract

Isatidis Radix is a traditional Chinese medicinal herb renowned for its broad-spectrum antimicrobial, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory properties. This study assessed the effects of Isatidis Radix extract on growth performance, non-specific immunity and intestinal health and disease resistance in hybrid snakehead (Channa maculata ♀ × Channa argus ♂). Fish were fed diets supplemented with Isatidis Radix extract at concentrations of 0 (C), 0.5 % (IRE0.5), 1.0 % (IRE1.0), 1.5 % (IRE1.5), and 2.0 % (IRE2.0) for 8 weeks. The results showed that with the increase of Isatidis Radix extract levels, the weight gain rate (WGR) and specific growth rate (SGR) significantly increased and reached the maximum at 1.5 %. The serum and liver activities of phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (AKP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in the Isatidis Radix extract supplemented group were significantly lower than those in the control group, demonstrating a dose-dependent decrease as the concentration increased. Antioxidant enzyme activities, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in the IRE1.5 group were significantly elevated, whereas malondialdehyde (MDA) content were decreased. The IRE2.0 group demonstrated significant upregulation of intestinal antioxidant genes, including sod, cat, kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (keap1), and glutathione peroxidase (gpx), while the pro-inflammatory factors interleukin-1 beta (il-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-α) were significantly down-regulated. The 16S rRNA analysis indicated that the IRE1.0 group exhibited the highest Chao,the abundance of potentially pathogenic Proteobacteria was reduced, while the abundance of beneficial bacteria Acidobacteriota, Staphylococcus, and Glutamicibacter increased. The cumulative survival rate of hybrid snakeheads after rhabdovirus infection increased in a dose-dependent manner following the administration of Isatidis Radix extract in their diet. In conclusion, this study indicated that dietary Isatidis Radix extract (1 %–1.5 %) significantly improved the growth performance, antioxidant capacity and antiviral resistance of juvenile hybrid snakehead.

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最优板蓝根提取物促进杂交蛇头（Channa maculata♀× Channa argus♂）生长、免疫、免疫基因作用和肠道健康，抗横纹病病毒

板蓝根是一种传统的中草药，以其广谱抗菌、抗病毒和抗炎特性而闻名。研究了板蓝根提取物对杂交鳢♀×鳢♂生长性能、非特异性免疫、肠道健康和抗病能力的影响。分别在饲料中添加浓度为0 (C)、0.5% （IRE0.5）、1.0% （IRE1.0）、1.5% （IRE1.5）和2.0% （IRE2.0）的板蓝根提取物，饲喂8周。结果表明：随着板蓝根提取物水平的增加，青虾的增重率（WGR）和特定生长率（SGR）均显著提高，在1.5%时达到最大值；板蓝根提取物添加组血清和肝脏中磷酸酶（ACP）、碱性磷酸酶（AKP）、天冬氨酸转氨酶（AST）和丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT）活性均显著低于对照组，且随浓度增加呈剂量依赖性降低。IRE1.5组抗氧化酶活性如超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）显著升高，丙二醛（MDA）含量降低。IRE2.0组小鼠肠道抗氧化基因sod、cat、kelch样ech相关蛋白1 （keap1）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（gpx）显著上调，促炎因子白细胞介素-1β (il-1β)、肿瘤坏死因子α (tnf-α)显著下调。16S rRNA分析显示，IRE1.0组的Chao最高，潜在致病性变形菌门（Proteobacteria）丰度降低，而有益菌酸菌门（acidobacteria）、葡萄球菌（Staphylococcus）和谷氨酰胺菌（Glutamicibacter）丰度增加。在饲料中添加板蓝根提取物后，混合蛇头病毒感染后的累积存活率呈剂量依赖性增加。综上所述，饲粮中添加1% ~ 1.5%板蓝根提取物可显著提高杂交蛇头幼鱼的生长性能、抗氧化能力和抗病毒能力。

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来源期刊

Fish & shellfish immunology 农林科学-海洋与淡水生物学

CiteScore

7.50

自引率

19.10%

发文量

750

审稿时长

68 days

期刊介绍： Fish and Shellfish Immunology rapidly publishes high-quality, peer-refereed contributions in the expanding fields of fish and shellfish immunology. It presents studies on the basic mechanisms of both the specific and non-specific defense systems, the cells, tissues, and humoral factors involved, their dependence on environmental and intrinsic factors, response to pathogens, response to vaccination, and applied studies on the development of specific vaccines for use in the aquaculture industry.