{"title":"Toll-like receptors in B cells and obesity.","authors":"Pai Wang, Can Hou, F Susan Wong, Li Wen","doi":"10.1016/j.molmed.2025.05.005","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a pivotal role in both innate and adaptive immunity, primarily by detecting pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and orchestrating immune responses. Although TLR-driven activation of dendritic cells (DCs) and subsequent T cell differentiation are well characterized, the function of TLRs in B cells remains underexplored. In the context of obesity, excessive adipose tissue accumulation triggers chronic inflammation driven in part by activation of TLR signaling. This review explores the expression, function, and signaling mechanisms of TLRs in B cells, and emphasizes their role in modulating immune responses associated with obesity. Furthermore, we discuss how TLR-mediated inflammatory activity in B cells may contribute to metabolic dysregulation, and offer insights into the crosstalk between immune function and metabolic disease in obesity.</p>","PeriodicalId":23263,"journal":{"name":"Trends in molecular medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.8000,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Trends in molecular medicine","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molmed.2025.05.005","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a pivotal role in both innate and adaptive immunity, primarily by detecting pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and orchestrating immune responses. Although TLR-driven activation of dendritic cells (DCs) and subsequent T cell differentiation are well characterized, the function of TLRs in B cells remains underexplored. In the context of obesity, excessive adipose tissue accumulation triggers chronic inflammation driven in part by activation of TLR signaling. This review explores the expression, function, and signaling mechanisms of TLRs in B cells, and emphasizes their role in modulating immune responses associated with obesity. Furthermore, we discuss how TLR-mediated inflammatory activity in B cells may contribute to metabolic dysregulation, and offer insights into the crosstalk between immune function and metabolic disease in obesity.
期刊介绍：
Trends in Molecular Medicine (TMM) aims to offer concise and contextualized perspectives on the latest research advancing biomedical science toward better diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of human diseases. It focuses on research at the intersection of basic biology and clinical research, covering new concepts in human biology and pathology with clear implications for diagnostics and therapy. TMM reviews bridge the gap between bench and bedside, discussing research from preclinical studies to patient-enrolled trials. The major themes include disease mechanisms, tools and technologies, diagnostics, and therapeutics, with a preference for articles relevant to multiple themes. TMM serves as a platform for discussion, pushing traditional boundaries and fostering collaboration between scientists and clinicians. The journal seeks to publish provocative and authoritative articles that are also accessible to a broad audience, inspiring new directions in molecular medicine to enhance human health.
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