Labeling immigrants: Examining the effects of labels on associations toward immigrants

IF 2.4 2区社会学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL

International Journal of Intercultural Relations Pub Date : 2025-06-16 DOI:10.1016/j.ijintrel.2025.102230

Juliana Fernandes , Moritz Cleve

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Abstract

Immigrants in the United States are often described in the media using a variety of labels (e.g., illegal, authorized). While these labels are connected to an immigrant’s documented status within a nation, they can also evoke associations that dehumanize these groups and perpetuate stereotypes. Guided by framing and the stereotype content model, this research examines the effects of labels on associations about immigrants. Using a multi-study approach, results show that associations are quicker for some labels (illegal) and slower for others (authorized) (Study 1a), that exposure to positive labels produces more favorable associations than exposure to negative labels (Study 1b), and that the interaction of association type (warmth/morality vs. competence) with valence accounts for more variance in evaluations than labels, especially for negative valence (Study 2). The studies suggest a stronger influence of associations about warmth and morality compared to associations about an immigrant’s competence.

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标签移民：检查标签对对移民的联想的影响

在美国，媒体经常用各种各样的标签来描述移民（例如，非法的，合法的）。虽然这些标签与移民在一个国家的合法身份有关，但它们也会引起人们的联想，使这些群体失去人性，使刻板印象永久化。在框架和刻板印象内容模型的指导下，本研究考察了标签对移民联想的影响。使用多研究方法，结果表明，对某些标签（非法）的联想更快，而对其他标签（授权）的联想更慢（研究1a），接触积极标签比接触消极标签产生更有利的联想（研究1b），联想类型（温暖/道德vs能力）与效价的相互作用比标签在评价中占更大的差异，特别是对消极效价（研究2）。研究表明，与移民能力相关的联想相比，温暖和道德的联想影响更大。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

International Journal of Intercultural Relations Multiple-

CiteScore

4.30

自引率

14.30%

发文量

122

期刊介绍： IJIR is dedicated to advancing knowledge and understanding of theory, practice, and research in intergroup relations. The contents encompass theoretical developments, field-based evaluations of training techniques, empirical discussions of cultural similarities and differences, and critical descriptions of new training approaches. Papers selected for publication in IJIR are judged to increase our understanding of intergroup tensions and harmony. Issue-oriented and cross-discipline discussion is encouraged. The highest priority is given to manuscripts that join theory, practice, and field research design. By theory, we mean conceptual schemes focused on the nature of cultural differences and similarities.