{"title":"Improvements of the calibration of the electronic level and by a new multiple reflections technique-based setup","authors":"M. Arif Sanjid","doi":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.118115","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dimensional measuring machines in the National Metrology Institute require accurate levelling on a surface plate during installation for the optimal performance. Nowadays, the commercially available electronic inclinometers having an accuracy and precision of the order of a micro-radian serve the purpose. Therefore, their calibration became essential. This work attempted to establish authentic practices to calibrate electronic levels using various measuring instruments. Different experiments are performed using a reference autocollimator, an angle measuring laser interferometer, and a novel setup. Various errors involved in each of the calibration system are explored. The results obtained in the experiments are mathematically modelled. Then, their associated uncertainty of the measurement is calculated.</div><div>A new measurement algorithm is devised to improve the results by reducing errors due to misalignment. A novel experimental setup is developed by implementing the multiple reflection technique for the calibration of the electronic level. The calibration results of the electronic level are improved by 20 % by the novel setup.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18349,"journal":{"name":"Measurement","volume":"256 ","pages":"Article 118115"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2000,"publicationDate":"2025-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Measurement","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0263224125014745","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Dimensional measuring machines in the National Metrology Institute require accurate levelling on a surface plate during installation for the optimal performance. Nowadays, the commercially available electronic inclinometers having an accuracy and precision of the order of a micro-radian serve the purpose. Therefore, their calibration became essential. This work attempted to establish authentic practices to calibrate electronic levels using various measuring instruments. Different experiments are performed using a reference autocollimator, an angle measuring laser interferometer, and a novel setup. Various errors involved in each of the calibration system are explored. The results obtained in the experiments are mathematically modelled. Then, their associated uncertainty of the measurement is calculated.
A new measurement algorithm is devised to improve the results by reducing errors due to misalignment. A novel experimental setup is developed by implementing the multiple reflection technique for the calibration of the electronic level. The calibration results of the electronic level are improved by 20 % by the novel setup.
期刊介绍:
Contributions are invited on novel achievements in all fields of measurement and instrumentation science and technology. Authors are encouraged to submit novel material, whose ultimate goal is an advancement in the state of the art of: measurement and metrology fundamentals, sensors, measurement instruments, measurement and estimation techniques, measurement data processing and fusion algorithms, evaluation procedures and methodologies for plants and industrial processes, performance analysis of systems, processes and algorithms, mathematical models for measurement-oriented purposes, distributed measurement systems in a connected world.