Tuberous sclerosis complex with classic clinical triad, subependymal giant cell astrocytoma and subependymal nodules: A case report

Abstract

Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by benign tumors in multiple organs. We present the case of a 16-year-old male with recurrent headaches, seizures, sebaceous adenomas, and developmental delay—features consistent with the classic triad of Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). Imaging revealed multiple subependymal nodules, a subependymal giant cell astrocytoma (SEGA), and mild hydrocephalus. The patient underwent successful ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VP shunt) placement, resulting in resolution of symptoms. This case emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis and imaging in guiding the management of TSC.