Bioactive compounds, functional properties, health benefits, and food applications of black rice: a comprehensive review

Food chemistry advances Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI:10.1016/j.focha.2025.101028

Sagarika Das , Tapasya Kumari , Sai Babu , Nickhil C , Santosh Kumar , Sankar Chandra Deka

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Abstract

Black rice (Oryza sativa L.) also called "emperor's rice" or "forbidden rice," is a nutrient-rich grain distinguished by its unique deep pigmentation and health-enhancing properties. Black rice is approximately six times richer in antioxidants compared to other rice varieties, and its bioactive components play a vital role in improving health and promoting well-being. This review offers an overview of bioactive compounds, functional properties, health benefits demonstrated in both in vivo and in vitro studies, and its versatile applications in functional foods. Black rice offers potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and cardiovascular protective effects due to high anthocyanins and bioactive compounds content. Incorporating black rice into daily diets, individuals can benefit from its rich nutrients that may contribute to a healthier future. Black rice can bridge ancient dietary practices with modern health applications, and emerging as a valuable addition to address global nutritional challenges.

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黑米的生物活性成分、功能特性、健康益处及食品应用综述

黑米（Oryza sativa L.）也被称为“皇米”或“禁米”，是一种营养丰富的谷物，以其独特的深色素沉着和增强健康的特性而闻名。黑米的抗氧化剂含量大约是其他水稻品种的六倍，其生物活性成分在改善健康和促进福祉方面发挥着至关重要的作用。本文综述了生物活性化合物、功能特性、在体内和体外研究中证明的健康益处及其在功能食品中的广泛应用。黑米含有丰富的花青素和生物活性化合物，具有有效的抗氧化、抗炎、抗癌和心血管保护作用。将黑米纳入日常饮食，个人可以从其丰富的营养中受益，这可能有助于更健康的未来。黑米可以将古代饮食习惯与现代健康应用联系起来，成为应对全球营养挑战的宝贵补充。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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