{"title":"Overkill and Antemortem Facial Injuries in U.S. Transgender and Gender Non-Conforming Homicides (2013–2023)","authors":"Heather Panter, Amanda Farrell","doi":"10.1002/jip.70003","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>This exploratory study examines 298 homicides of US transgender and gender non-conforming victims from 1st January 2013–1st January 2023. Using content analysis and triangulation of data from open-source news reports along with official data sources (i.e., government reports, police reports, post-mortem reports, etc.) victimology and forensic themes within these homicides were identified and examined. Notably, overkill occurred in over 8% of the overall homicide sample studied with antemortem injury locations centralised to the face (79.17%). Overlapping weapon usage were as follows for studied overkill cases: stabbing wounds (<i>n</i> = 11); blunt force injuries (<i>n</i> = 10); and gunshot wounds (<i>n</i> = 3). The results from this study highlight unique investigative themes for forensic consideration in transgender and gender non-conforming homicides when facial injuries are apparent.</p>","PeriodicalId":46397,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling","volume":"22 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8000,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jip.70003","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling","FirstCategoryId":"102","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jip.70003","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
This exploratory study examines 298 homicides of US transgender and gender non-conforming victims from 1st January 2013–1st January 2023. Using content analysis and triangulation of data from open-source news reports along with official data sources (i.e., government reports, police reports, post-mortem reports, etc.) victimology and forensic themes within these homicides were identified and examined. Notably, overkill occurred in over 8% of the overall homicide sample studied with antemortem injury locations centralised to the face (79.17%). Overlapping weapon usage were as follows for studied overkill cases: stabbing wounds (n = 11); blunt force injuries (n = 10); and gunshot wounds (n = 3). The results from this study highlight unique investigative themes for forensic consideration in transgender and gender non-conforming homicides when facial injuries are apparent.
期刊介绍：
The Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling (JIP-OP) is an international journal of behavioural science contributions to criminal and civil investigations, for researchers and practitioners, also exploring the legal and jurisprudential implications of psychological and related aspects of all forms of investigation. Investigative Psychology is rapidly developing worldwide. It is a newly established, interdisciplinary area of research and application, concerned with the systematic, scientific examination of all those aspects of psychology and the related behavioural and social sciences that may be relevant to criminal.
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