R-loops in neurodegeneration

IF 3.7 2区生物学 Q2 CELL BIOLOGY

Current Opinion in Genetics & Development Pub Date : 2025-04-08 DOI:10.1016/j.gde.2025.102345

Chiara Beghѐ, Helena Harpham, Yasmine Barberic, Natalia Gromak

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Neurodegenerative diseases are associated with the progressive loss of neurons. R-loops are non-canonical nucleic acid structures formed during transcription and composed of an RNA/DNA hybrid and a displaced single-stranded DNA. Whilst R-loops are important regulators of cellular processes, they are also associated with the pathologies of multiple disorders, including repeat expansion, motor neuron, inflammatory and ageing diseases. In this review, we discuss how R-loops contribute to pathological mechanisms that underpin neurodegeneration. We highlight the role of R-loops in several hallmarks of neurodegenerative disorders, including RNA and DNA defects, DNA damage, protein aggregation, inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and neuronal cell death. We also discuss the potential role of R-loops as therapeutic targets for neurodegenerative disorders.

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神经变性中的 R 环

神经退行性疾病与神经元的逐渐丧失有关。r环是转录过程中形成的非规范核酸结构，由RNA/DNA杂交和移位的单链DNA组成。虽然r环是细胞过程的重要调节因子，但它们也与多种疾病的病理有关，包括重复扩张、运动神经元、炎症和衰老疾病。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了r环如何促进神经退行性变的病理机制。我们强调了r环在神经退行性疾病的几个标志中的作用，包括RNA和DNA缺陷、DNA损伤、蛋白质聚集、炎症、线粒体功能障碍和神经元细胞死亡。我们还讨论了r环作为神经退行性疾病治疗靶点的潜在作用。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Current Opinion in Genetics & Development 生物-细胞生物学

CiteScore

7.90

自引率

0.00%

发文量

102

审稿时长

1 months

期刊介绍： Current Opinion in Genetics and Development aims to stimulate scientifically grounded, interdisciplinary, multi-scale debate and exchange of ideas. It contains polished, concise and timely reviews and opinions, with particular emphasis on those articles published in the past two years. In addition to describing recent trends, the authors are encouraged to give their subjective opinion of the topics discussed. In Current Opinion in Genetics and Development we help the reader by providing in a systematic manner: 1. The views of experts on current advances in their field in a clear and readable form. 2. Evaluations of the most interesting papers, annotated by experts, from the great wealth of original publications.[...] The subject of Genetics and Development is divided into six themed sections, each of which is reviewed once a year: • Cancer Genomics • Genome Architecture and Expression • Molecular and genetic basis of disease • Developmental mechanisms, patterning and evolution • Cell reprogramming, regeneration and repair • Genetics of Human Origin / Evolutionary genetics (alternate years)