Exploring the Current Challenges and Pioneering Clinical Applications of Stereotactic Radiotherapy in Cancer Treatment.

Abstract

Stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT) has become integral to modern oncology, offering the ability to deliver ablative doses while minimizing damage to surrounding normal tissues. Recent advancements in imaging integration, treatment planning, and dose delivery have expanded their clinical applications across various tumor types. However, challenges such as toxicity in anatomically critical regions, optimal margin determination, and the lack of standardized protocols persist. This review explores key issues in contemporary practice and highlights emerging clinical evidence across lung, liver, prostate, brain, and oligometastatic diseases. Further refinement in patient selection and treatment strategies is essential to maximize therapeutic efficacy and ensure safe implementation in broader clinical settings.