Metabolomics Analysis as a Tool in Periodontitis Diagnosis: A Systematic Review

IF 1.7 Q3 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Clinical and Experimental Dental Research Pub Date : 2025-04-02 DOI:10.1002/cre2.70095

Ana-Maria Condor, Andreea Iuliana Kui, Smaranda Dana Buduru, Marius Negucioiu, Daniela Cornelia Condor, Patricia-Ondine Lucaciu

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Abstract

Objectives

This study aims to summarize recent studies available on untargeted metabolomics employed for periodontitis diagnosis, from saliva and gingival crevicular fluid samples, to identify recurring metabolites with biomarker-value potential. A secondary objective was to analysudurue the protocols of existing studies, to facilitate further research.

Material and Methods

Three databases were electronically searched for relevant studies (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus). Risk of bias assessment was performed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale (NOS). Data was extracted from studies, regarding general characteristics and conclusions, population characteristics, periodontal protocols, and metabolomics protocols. Metabolic pathway analysis was performed for recurrent metabolites.

Results

After screening 405 studies, 13 studies (10 using saliva samples, 3 using GCF samples) were included. 22 metabolites were identified in more than one study and included into the pathway analysis. Butyrate, lactate, isoleucine, glucose, pyruvate, isovalerate, hypoxanthine/xanthine, proline, valine, phenylalanine, and ethanol were most frequently encountered and were found upregulated in periodontitis patients compared to periodontally healthy patients.

Conclusions

Metabolomics could provide valuable opportunities in validating potential biomarkers or diagnosis panels, contributing to the screening, prognosis, progression and monitoring of periodontitis. Further studies on larger populations and using established protocols are needed. (PROSPERO CRD42023470339).

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作为牙周炎诊断工具的代谢组学分析：系统综述

本研究旨在总结近年来用于牙周炎诊断的非靶向代谢组学研究，这些研究来自唾液和牙龈沟液样本，以确定具有生物标志物价值潜力的复发代谢物。第二个目标是分析现有研究的方案，以促进进一步的研究。材料与方法电子检索三个数据库（PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus）的相关研究。采用Newcastle-Ottawa量表（NOS）进行偏倚风险评估。数据从研究中提取，包括一般特征和结论、人群特征、牙周治疗方案和代谢组学方案。对复发代谢物进行代谢途径分析。结果在筛选405项研究后，纳入13项研究（10项使用唾液样本，3项使用GCF样本）。在不止一项研究中发现了22种代谢物，并将其纳入途径分析。丁酸盐、乳酸盐、异亮氨酸、葡萄糖、丙酮酸盐、异戊酸盐、次黄嘌呤/黄嘌呤、脯氨酸、缬氨酸、苯丙氨酸和乙醇是最常见的，与牙周健康患者相比，牙周炎患者的水平上调。结论代谢组学可以为验证潜在的生物标志物或诊断面板提供有价值的机会，有助于牙周炎的筛查、预后、进展和监测。需要对更大的人口进行进一步研究，并使用既定的规程。(布劳斯佩洛CRD42023470339)。

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来源期刊

Clinical and Experimental Dental Research DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE-

CiteScore

3.30

自引率

5.60%

发文量

165

审稿时长

26 weeks

期刊介绍： Clinical and Experimental Dental Research aims to provide open access peer-reviewed publications of high scientific quality representing original clinical, diagnostic or experimental work within all disciplines and fields of oral medicine and dentistry. The scope of Clinical and Experimental Dental Research comprises original research material on the anatomy, physiology and pathology of oro-facial, oro-pharyngeal and maxillofacial tissues, and functions and dysfunctions within the stomatognathic system, and the epidemiology, aetiology, prevention, diagnosis, prognosis and therapy of diseases and conditions that have an effect on the homeostasis of the mouth, jaws, and closely associated structures, as well as the healing and regeneration and the clinical aspects of replacement of hard and soft tissues with biomaterials, and the rehabilitation of stomatognathic functions. Studies that bring new knowledge on how to advance health on the individual or public health levels, including interactions between oral and general health and ill-health are welcome.