Functional but Not Structural Brain Changes After Olfactory Training in Women With COVID-19-Associated Olfactory Dysfunction.

IF 2.2 3区医学 Q3 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL

Laryngoscope Pub Date : 2025-03-28 DOI:10.1002/lary.32128

Zetian Li, Julia Gebler, Akshita Joshi, Xinni Xu, Divesh Thaploo, Antje Hähner, Vittoria Avaro, Federico Calegari, Thomas Hummel

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Olfactory training (OT) is a recommended treatment for olfactory loss and has proven effective in clinical contexts, yet its effects on the central-nervous system remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the functional and structural brain changes in patients with post-viral olfactory loss undergoing OT.

Methods: Twenty patients with post-viral olfactory loss and 19 healthy controls underwent OT for 3 months. All participants were assessed using the Sniffin' Sticks test and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Voxel-based morphometry and olfactory bulb volumetry were performed on structural images. Presenting an unpleasant odor, n-butanol, in a canonical block design, functional MRI was performed using whole-brain and region of interest analyses.

Results: Patients with post-viral olfactory loss showed significant improvement following OT. Enhanced functional activations were observed in the orbitofrontal cortex and parahippocampus, while OT had little or no effects on brain structures.

Conclusion: The present findings suggest that OT provides early perceptual and functional benefits, with structural changes potentially emerging later with extended training duration.

Level of evidence: 2:

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患有covid -19相关嗅觉功能障碍的女性嗅觉训练后的功能性但非结构性大脑变化

背景：嗅觉训练（OT）是治疗嗅觉缺失的一种推荐疗法，在临床上已被证明有效，但其对中枢神经系统的影响仍不清楚。本研究旨在调查接受嗅觉训练的病毒感染后嗅觉缺失患者的大脑功能和结构变化：20名病毒感染后嗅觉缺失患者和19名健康对照者接受了为期3个月的OT。所有参与者都接受了嗅棒测试和磁共振成像（MRI）评估。在结构图像上进行了基于体素的形态测量和嗅球体积测量。在一个典型的区块设计中呈现一种难闻的气味--正丁醇，使用全脑和感兴趣区分析进行功能性核磁共振成像：结果：病毒感染后嗅觉缺失的患者在进行 OT 后有明显改善。在眶额皮层和海马旁观察到功能激活增强，而OT对大脑结构几乎没有影响：本研究结果表明，OT可在早期带来感知和功能上的益处，随着训练时间的延长，结构上的变化可能会在后期出现：

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Laryngoscope 医学-耳鼻喉科学

CiteScore

6.50

自引率

7.70%

发文量

500

审稿时长

2-4 weeks

期刊介绍： The Laryngoscope has been the leading source of information on advances in the diagnosis and treatment of head and neck disorders since 1890. The Laryngoscope is the first choice among otolaryngologists for publication of their important findings and techniques. Each monthly issue of The Laryngoscope features peer-reviewed medical, clinical, and research contributions in general otolaryngology, allergy/rhinology, otology/neurotology, laryngology/bronchoesophagology, head and neck surgery, sleep medicine, pediatric otolaryngology, facial plastics and reconstructive surgery, oncology, and communicative disorders. Contributions include papers and posters presented at the Annual and Section Meetings of the Triological Society, as well as independent papers, "How I Do It", "Triological Best Practice" articles, and contemporary reviews. Theses authored by the Triological Society’s new Fellows as well as papers presented at meetings of the American Laryngological Association are published in The Laryngoscope. • Broncho-esophagology • Communicative disorders • Head and neck surgery • Plastic and reconstructive facial surgery • Oncology • Speech and hearing defects