I Kindekov, E Beleva, M Kadish, I Ionchev, N Semerdzhieva
{"title":"Hairy Cell Leukemia: A Differential Diagnosis of Hepatitis B-Associated Aplastic Anemia and Syphilis.","authors":"I Kindekov, E Beleva, M Kadish, I Ionchev, N Semerdzhieva","doi":"10.3390/hematolrep17020013","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aplastic anemia occurs with an incidence of 2-5: 1 million people worldwide. However, the frequency of newly diagnosed cases of bone marrow aplasia is greater, and some of these patients present to emergency departments initially. <b>Description of Case:</b> We present the case of a middle-aged man with pancytopenia. In this case, aplastic anemia associated with hepatitis B and syphilis was only the initial diagnosis. An indolent hematologic malignancy-hairy cell leukemia-was diagnosed as the real cause of the bone marrow failure in a clinic of hematology. <b>Conclusions:</b> This clinical case allows us to make a conclusion, albeit not definitively, about the contribution of hepatitis B and syphilis to the clinical manifestation of hairy cell leukemia. A detailed and consistent diagnostic plan is also required in patients presenting with pancytopenia. Failure to diagnose a hepatitis B infection in a patient with malignant hematologic disease would lead to fatal therapeutic errors.</p>","PeriodicalId":12829,"journal":{"name":"Hematology Reports","volume":"17 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11932296/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Hematology Reports","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.3390/hematolrep17020013","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"HEMATOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Aplastic anemia occurs with an incidence of 2-5: 1 million people worldwide. However, the frequency of newly diagnosed cases of bone marrow aplasia is greater, and some of these patients present to emergency departments initially. Description of Case: We present the case of a middle-aged man with pancytopenia. In this case, aplastic anemia associated with hepatitis B and syphilis was only the initial diagnosis. An indolent hematologic malignancy-hairy cell leukemia-was diagnosed as the real cause of the bone marrow failure in a clinic of hematology. Conclusions: This clinical case allows us to make a conclusion, albeit not definitively, about the contribution of hepatitis B and syphilis to the clinical manifestation of hairy cell leukemia. A detailed and consistent diagnostic plan is also required in patients presenting with pancytopenia. Failure to diagnose a hepatitis B infection in a patient with malignant hematologic disease would lead to fatal therapeutic errors.