Remote sensing-based flash flood mapping and damage assessment in Dera Ismail Khan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

IF 2.9 4区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Pub Date : 2025-03-21 DOI:10.1007/s10661-025-13894-x

Asif Sajjad, Muhammad Ahmad, Rana Waqar Aslam, Mehnaz Bibi, Anwaar Tabassum

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Flash floods pose significant risks due to their rapid onset and destructive potential, causing an estimated 5000 fatalities and billions of dollars in damage annually worldwide. The Dera Ismail Khan district in Pakistan, highly susceptible to flooding, highlights the urgent need for a robust flood risk management framework, especially in the aftermath of the devastating 2022 flash flood, the most severe on record for the region. This study employed remote sensing (RS) and Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques to analyze the flood’s spatiotemporal dynamics and assess the resulting damage. Flood maps were generated using Landsat 9 images using the Modified Normalized Difference Water Index (MNDWI) and classified land use using the supervised maximum likelihood method. The findings revealed that the flood inundated approximately 2876 km² for about 1.5 months, significantly impacting agricultural and urban areas, with widespread damage to crops and infrastructure. This research highlights the importance of spatiotemporal analysis in improving flood management in Dera Ismail Khan and can serve as a model for similar assessments in other regions globally.

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来源期刊

Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 环境科学-环境科学

CiteScore

4.70

自引率

6.70%

发文量

1000

审稿时长

7.3 months

期刊介绍： Environmental Monitoring and Assessment emphasizes technical developments and data arising from environmental monitoring and assessment, the use of scientific principles in the design of monitoring systems at the local, regional and global scales, and the use of monitoring data in assessing the consequences of natural resource management actions and pollution risks to man and the environment.