Anti-drying, anti-freezing and super-elastic MXene/gelatin hydrogels for electromagnetic shielding and pressure sensing

IF 10 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Today Physics Pub Date : 2025-03-20 DOI:10.1016/j.mtphys.2025.101709

Xu Zhou, Xiao-Ai Ye, Jia-Qi Zhu, Gui-Gen Wang

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Conductive hydrogels with water-enriched pores have shown great potential in electromagnetic wave protection and flexible wearable electronics. However, hydrogel with high water content often results in some challenges such as water loss and low-temperature freezing. In this study, porous gelatin/ChCl/MXene Ti₃C₂T_x (GCM) hydrogels were prepared via a facile one-pot method. The introduction of ChCl forms abundant hydrogen bonds in GCM hydrogels, which endows the hydrogels long-term anti-drying (30 days) and anti-freezing abilities (-30 °C). Due to the synergistic effects of the porous structure, highly conductive MXene and water molecules, the electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding effectiveness (SE) reach up to 108 dB in the X-band. Significantly, the effect of water molecules on EMI SE is quantified by adjusting the water content in hydrogel. Moreover, the gelatin-based hydrogel exhibits super-elasticity (0.25 MPa at 80% strain) and demonstrates no significant decrease in EMI SE after 500 compression cycles. Finally, the excellent pressure-sensing properties of GCM hydrogel enable sensitive and reliable detection in human motion and smart coding. Therefore, the developed GCM hydrogel demonstrates promising application prospects in the fields of EMI shielding and sensing for wearable electronic devices.

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具有富水孔隙的导电水凝胶在电磁波防护和柔性可穿戴电子设备方面显示出巨大潜力。然而，高含水量的水凝胶往往会带来一些挑战，如失水和低温冷冻。本研究采用简单的一锅法制备了多孔明胶/氯化氢/MXene Ti3C2Tx（GCM）水凝胶。ChCl 的引入在 GCM 水凝胶中形成了丰富的氢键，赋予了水凝胶长期抗干燥（30 天）和抗冷冻（-30 °C）的能力。由于多孔结构、高导电性 MXene 和水分子的协同作用，X 波段的电磁干扰（EMI）屏蔽效果（SE）高达 108 dB。值得注意的是，通过调整水凝胶中的含水量，可以量化水分子对 EMI 屏蔽效果的影响。此外，明胶基水凝胶具有超弹性（80% 应变时为 0.25 兆帕），在 500 次压缩循环后，EMI SE 没有明显下降。最后，GCM 水凝胶具有出色的压力传感特性，可在人体运动和智能编码中进行灵敏可靠的检测。因此，所开发的 GCM 水凝胶在可穿戴电子设备的 EMI 屏蔽和传感领域具有广阔的应用前景。

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来源期刊

Materials Today Physics Materials Science-General Materials Science

CiteScore

14.00

自引率

7.80%

发文量

284

审稿时长

15 days

期刊介绍： Materials Today Physics is a multi-disciplinary journal focused on the physics of materials, encompassing both the physical properties and materials synthesis. Operating at the interface of physics and materials science, this journal covers one of the largest and most dynamic fields within physical science. The forefront research in materials physics is driving advancements in new materials, uncovering new physics, and fostering novel applications at an unprecedented pace.