A Case of Bronchogenic Cyst Detected by Ultrasound.

Abstract

Background: Bronchogenic cysts are congenital cystic anomalies of the bronchus that originate from abnormal development of the bronchial tree during the embryonic period. Their common manifestation is a space-occupying lesion in the lungs or mediastinum. Common imaging modalities for detecting bronchogenic cysts include chest X-ray and chest computed tomography (CT) scans.

Case presentation: A 24-year-old female presented with an abnormal space-occupying lesion in the mediastinum detected through imaging examinations. Echocardiography revealed a cystic mass located between the descending aorta and the right pulmonary artery. A CT scan identified a low-density mass with a distinct density relative to adjacent tissues, situated near the left main bronchus. The final diagnosis of a bronchogenic cyst was established following surgical intervention and pathological examination.

Conclusion: Bronchogenic cysts are rare congenital anomalies. Common clinical symptoms include chest pain, cough, and dyspnea. On standard chest radiographs and CT scans, most cysts present as homogenous water-density shadows, with the mediastinum being the most frequently affected location. The diagnosis is confirmed through pathological examination. Surgical intervention remains the most effective treatment method, typically resulting in a favorable prognosis.