Human papillomavirus incidence and transmission by vaccination status among heterosexual couples

IF 4 3区医学 Q2 VIROLOGY

Journal of Clinical Virology Pub Date : 2025-03-11 DOI:10.1016/j.jcv.2025.105779

Alissa Moore , Mariam El-Zein , Ann N. Burchell , Pierre-Paul Tellier , François Coutlée , Eduardo L. Franco

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Understanding human papillomavirus (HPV) transmission dynamics within couples is necessary for optimal vaccine catch-up strategies. We used data from the Transmission Reduction and Prevention with HPV Vaccination (TRAP-HPV) study to estimate sex-specific incidence and transmission rates.

Methods

The TRAP-HPV study enrolled (2014–2022) new (≤6 months) heterosexual couples aged 18+ in Montreal, Canada. The study employed a 2 × 2 factorial design. Participants (n = 308) were randomized into four groups: neither partner vaccinated against HPV, only the male partner vaccinated against HPV, only the female partner vaccinated against HPV, or both partners vaccinated against HPV. Genital samples, collected at 0, 2, 4, 6, 9, and 12 months, were genotyped for 36 HPV types. We performed time-to-event analyses for vaccine-targeted HPVs (6/11/16/18/31/33/45/52/58) and HPVs phylogenetically related (35/39/44/59/67/68/70) and unrelated (26/34/40/42/51/53/54/56/61/62/66/69/71/72/73/81/82/83/84/89) to vaccine-targeted types, using type-specific HPV infections as the unit of analysis.

Results

Participants had a mean age of 25.5 years (SD 6.0), and a median of 6 (IQR: 2–15) lifetime sexual partners. Among males, incidence rates (in events/1000 months) were 0.99 (95 % CI: 0.17–3.07) and 1.67 (95 % CI: 0.75–3.51) in the two groups with vaccinated males versus 2.42 (95 % CI: 0.97–7.63) and 3.35 (95 % CI: 1.95–6.30) in the groups with unvaccinated males. Results were similar for the three HPV groups.

Conclusions

There was no consistent pattern of protection against incident HPV detection in females and no indication that recent vaccination was associated with lower transmission in discordant couples or with protection for one’s partner. Findings should not be generalized to younger populations.

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来源期刊

Journal of Clinical Virology 医学-病毒学

CiteScore

22.70

自引率

1.10%

发文量

149

审稿时长

24 days

期刊介绍： The Journal of Clinical Virology, an esteemed international publication, serves as the official journal for both the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology and The European Society for Clinical Virology. Dedicated to advancing the understanding of human virology in clinical settings, the Journal of Clinical Virology focuses on disseminating research papers and reviews pertaining to the clinical aspects of virology. Its scope encompasses articles discussing diagnostic methodologies and virus-induced clinical conditions, with an emphasis on practicality and relevance to clinical practice. The journal publishes on topics that include: • new diagnostic technologies • nucleic acid amplification and serologic testing • targeted and metagenomic next-generation sequencing • emerging pandemic viral threats • respiratory viruses • transplant viruses • chronic viral infections • cancer-associated viruses • gastrointestinal viruses • central nervous system viruses • one health (excludes animal health)