Association of greenness exposure with serum vitamin D status and effects of ambient particulate matter among pregnant women in early pregnancy

IF 7.6 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental Pollution Pub Date : 2025-03-18 DOI:10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126067

Dongjian Yang, Yanling Shen, Qun Wang, Xin Sun, Mengxiang Li, Jinjing Shi, Lei Chen, Jun Zhang, Xinhua Ji

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Adequate vitamin D is essential for the health of both the mother and foetus, and it can be influenced by environmental factors. However, research on the associations between greenness exposure and vitamin D concentrations during pregnancy is limited. This retrospective birth cohort study, conducted from 2014 to 2018, assessed the greenness of residences using the satellite-derived normalised difference vegetation index (NDVI). Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations were categorised as non-deficient (≥50 nmol/L) or deficient (<50 nmol/L). Multiple log-binomial regression models were used to estimate the association of NDVI with serum 25(OH)D concentrations and vitamin D deficiency (VDD). Subgroup and mediation analyses were conducted to estimate the association of ambient particulate matter (PM) on the association between NDVI and VDD. A total of 64,663 pregnant women with a mean maternal age of 30.6 (standard deviation: 3.86) years were included. 250-m NDVI was negatively associated with the risk of VDD (per 0.1-unit increase, relative risk [RR]: 0.98, 95% CI: 0.97–0.99). With the highest quartile of NDVI exposure as the reference group, the upper-middle quartile (RR: 1.02, 95% CI: 1.00–1.03), and lowest quartile (RR: 1.03, 95% CI: 1.01–1.06) had an increased risk of VDD. At higher PM_2.5 exposure concentrations, 250-m NDVI exposure was negatively associated with the risk of VDD (RR: 0.98, 95%CI: 0.97–0.99, per 0.1-unit increase), but not at lower PM2.5 exposure concentrations. Among pregnant women with higher PM_2.5, the mediation of PM_2.5 exposure on the association between 250-m NDVI and VDD was 44.70% (P = 0.0116). Among pregnant women with higher PM₁₀ exposure, the mediation of PM₁₀ exposure on the association between 250-m NDVI and VDD was 17.98% (P = 0.002). These findings suggest that higher residential greenery significantly reduces the risk of VDD in pregnant women, particularly in those exposed to increased PM concentrations.

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来源期刊

Environmental Pollution 环境科学-环境科学

CiteScore

16.00

自引率

6.70%

发文量

2082

审稿时长

2.9 months

期刊介绍： Environmental Pollution is an international peer-reviewed journal that publishes high-quality research papers and review articles covering all aspects of environmental pollution and its impacts on ecosystems and human health. Subject areas include, but are not limited to: • Sources and occurrences of pollutants that are clearly defined and measured in environmental compartments, food and food-related items, and human bodies; • Interlinks between contaminant exposure and biological, ecological, and human health effects, including those of climate change; • Contaminants of emerging concerns (including but not limited to antibiotic resistant microorganisms or genes, microplastics/nanoplastics, electronic wastes, light, and noise) and/or their biological, ecological, or human health effects; • Laboratory and field studies on the remediation/mitigation of environmental pollution via new techniques and with clear links to biological, ecological, or human health effects; • Modeling of pollution processes, patterns, or trends that is of clear environmental and/or human health interest; • New techniques that measure and examine environmental occurrences, transport, behavior, and effects of pollutants within the environment or the laboratory, provided that they can be clearly used to address problems within regional or global environmental compartments.