Synthesis of biodiesel from Cyperus esculentus seed oil: Investigation of temperature effect on the transesterification kinetics and bond structure

IF 5.8 2区生物学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Biomass & Bioenergy Pub Date : 2025-03-11 DOI:10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.107766

Chukwunonso O. Aniagor , Ozioma J. Anekwe-Nwekeaku , Blessing I. Tabugbo

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Abstract

This study investigates the acid-catalyzed transesterification of Cyperus esculentus (C. esculentus) seed oil into biodiesel. The influence of temperature of the transesterification reaction system, volume of catalyst and reaction time on the % biodiesel yield was evaluated in batch mode. The fuel properties of the biodiesel and hydrocarbon diesel were also evaluated using ASTM standards and further compared. The maximum biodiesel yield of 92 % was achieved at a catalyst volume of 10 mL, a reaction time of 60 min, and a temperature of 40 °C. The resulting biodiesel displayed a higher flash point (94 °C) and viscosity but had a lower calorific value (44,752 kJ/kg) relative to the hydrocarbon diesel. Elemental analysis revealed low heavy metal content compared to the hydrocarbon diesel, thus suggesting a lower negative environmental impact. The kinetic analysis identified the second-order transesterification equation as the model of best fit, with the observation of improved R² values at higher reaction temperatures. The study thus concludes that biodiesel is viable for biodiesel production due to its moderate molecular mass and favourable physicochemical properties.

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来源期刊

Biomass & Bioenergy 工程技术-能源与燃料

CiteScore

11.50

自引率

3.30%

发文量

258

审稿时长

60 days

期刊介绍： Biomass & Bioenergy is an international journal publishing original research papers and short communications, review articles and case studies on biological resources, chemical and biological processes, and biomass products for new renewable sources of energy and materials. The scope of the journal extends to the environmental, management and economic aspects of biomass and bioenergy. Key areas covered by the journal: • Biomass: sources, energy crop production processes, genetic improvements, composition. Please note that research on these biomass subjects must be linked directly to bioenergy generation. • Biological Residues: residues/rests from agricultural production, forestry and plantations (palm, sugar etc), processing industries, and municipal sources (MSW). Papers on the use of biomass residues through innovative processes/technological novelty and/or consideration of feedstock/system sustainability (or unsustainability) are welcomed. However waste treatment processes and pollution control or mitigation which are only tangentially related to bioenergy are not in the scope of the journal, as they are more suited to publications in the environmental arena. Papers that describe conventional waste streams (ie well described in existing literature) that do not empirically address ''new'' added value from the process are not suitable for submission to the journal. • Bioenergy Processes: fermentations, thermochemical conversions, liquid and gaseous fuels, and petrochemical substitutes • Bioenergy Utilization: direct combustion, gasification, electricity production, chemical processes, and by-product remediation • Biomass and the Environment: carbon cycle, the net energy efficiency of bioenergy systems, assessment of sustainability, and biodiversity issues.