Metal/metalloids concentrations and multi-biomarkers in blood of Nile tilapia living in coastal lagoons near metallurgical industrial areas: an integrated evaluation.
Luana B Carvalho, Iara C Souza, Michelly P Soares, Magdalena V Monferrán, Daniel A Wunderlin, Silvia T Matsumoto, Marisa N Fernandes
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Anthropogenic activity associated with metallurgy affects nearby aquatic ecosystems by contaminating them with metallic effluents (e.g., liquid and aerosols). This study evaluated the metal/metalloid contamination of two coastal lagoons with different physical and chemical water characteristics: Carapebus (brackish water) and Maembá (freshwater), located near metallurgical industries; and an aquaculture facility, Alegre (freshwater), located far away from the industries. The lagoons are in the state of Espirito Santo, the largest steel producer and iron ore exporter in Brazil. The relative condition factor (Kn) and multiple blood biomarkers in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), a common species in all sites, were evaluated in these sites. A total of 27 metals/metalloids were analyzed in water, sediment, and fish blood (cells and plasma). The hematological, immunological, physiological, and genetic biomarkers were analyzed in blood. Metal/metalloid concentrations varied in each matrix of each site. Fish from Maembá (site M1) had lower Kn, presented anemia, and had higher leukocytes and plasma lysozyme and glucose levels. Fish from Carapebus had higher micronucleus and cortisol levels. Fish from the lagoons exhibited higher respiratory leukocyte activity. Multivariate analysis separated Alegre from the two lagoons and emphasized the difference between them and fish responses. The correlation of some metals with erythrocyte DNA damage (Zn, Sr, Sn and Ag), total leukocytes (Zn, Sr, Sn, Ag, V, Cr and, La), lymphocytes (Cu and Ni), and eosinophils and cortisol (Fe, As and, Pb) in fish from Maembá and Carapebus evidenced that toxicity depends on the physical and chemical characteristics of water, which affect metal speciation. The interaction of abiotic factors and metals/metalloids in water also implies that fish adjust to maintain homeostasis.
期刊介绍：
The Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) publishes two journals: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (ET&C) and Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management (IEAM). Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry is dedicated to furthering scientific knowledge and disseminating information on environmental toxicology and chemistry, including the application of these sciences to risk assessment.[...]
Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry is interdisciplinary in scope and integrates the fields of environmental toxicology; environmental, analytical, and molecular chemistry; ecology; physiology; biochemistry; microbiology; genetics; genomics; environmental engineering; chemical, environmental, and biological modeling; epidemiology; and earth sciences. ET&C seeks to publish papers describing original experimental or theoretical work that significantly advances understanding in the area of environmental toxicology, environmental chemistry and hazard/risk assessment. Emphasis is given to papers that enhance capabilities for the prediction, measurement, and assessment of the fate and effects of chemicals in the environment, rather than simply providing additional data. The scientific impact of papers is judged in terms of the breadth and depth of the findings and the expected influence on existing or future scientific practice. Methodological papers must make clear not only how the work differs from existing practice, but the significance of these differences to the field. Site-based research or monitoring must have regional or global implications beyond the particular site, such as evaluating processes, mechanisms, or theory under a natural environmental setting.
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