Alteraciones mucocutáneas tras trasplante de progenitores hematopoyéticos: revisión y actualización de la literatura

Abstract

In recent years, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) has revolutionized the treatment of various hematological and non-hematological diseases. Its implementation is not stranger to risks and involves a significant rate of complications, including mucocutaneous adverse events. We present a narrative review of the mucocutaneous alterations observed after HSCT. Among these, acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) stand out, whose diagnosis and treatment can be challenging. Other common conditions include cutaneous adverse reactions and infections with mucocutaneous involvement. Additionally, various studies indicate that these individuals may have a higher rate of mucocutaneous neoplasms. Early identification and management of these complications, along with a multidisciplinary approach, are essential to improving these patients’ quality of life and long-term outcomes. Furthermore, it is advisable to screen for skin cancer in these individuals, especially if they have other associated risk factors.