Cytokines in age-related eye diseases: pathogenesis and potential targets for innovative therapies.

IF 3.1 4区医学 Q2 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY

Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI:10.1007/s00210-025-03926-1

Tingting Zhang, Ming Liu

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Age-related eye diseases (AREDs), such as dry eye disease (DED), age-related macular degeneration (AMD), glaucoma, and diabetic retinopathy (DR), are significant worldwide health concerns due to their rising prevalence and debilitating effects. Despite substantial research on the pathobiology of AREDs, the impact of immune-related alterations caused by aging is still not well understood. Tissue-resident cells and invading immune cells in the eye control innate responses in the event of damage or infection. However, as cells age, they gradually lose their ability to perform their protective duties and develop abnormal characteristics. Therefore, the disrupted regulation of immune responses in the eyes of older individuals enhances their vulnerability to and the intensity of eye disorders. Cytokines, immune system components, have a role in developing AREDs by contributing to inflammation. This paper examines the deficiencies in the pathogenic and therapeutic aspects of pro-inflammatory cytokines in AREDs that require further investigation in future studies.

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与年龄有关的眼病（AREDs），如干眼症（DED）、老年性黄斑变性（AMD）、青光眼和糖尿病视网膜病变（DR），因其发病率上升和对人体造成的衰弱影响而成为全球关注的重大健康问题。尽管对 ARED 的病理生物学进行了大量研究，但人们对衰老引起的免疫相关改变的影响仍不甚了解。眼球中的组织驻留细胞和入侵免疫细胞可在发生损伤或感染时控制先天性反应。然而，随着年龄的增长，细胞会逐渐失去履行保护职责的能力，并出现异常特征。因此，老年人眼部免疫反应的调节紊乱会增加眼部疾病的易感性和严重程度。细胞因子是免疫系统的组成部分，它通过促进炎症而在 ARED 的发展中发挥作用。本文探讨了促炎细胞因子在 AREDs 的致病和治疗方面的不足之处，这些不足之处需要在今后的研究中进一步探讨。

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来源期刊

Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 医学-药学

CiteScore

6.20

自引率

5.60%

发文量

142

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Naunyn-Schmiedeberg''s Archives of Pharmacology was founded in 1873 by B. Naunyn, O. Schmiedeberg and E. Klebs as Archiv für experimentelle Pathologie und Pharmakologie, is the offical journal of the German Society of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology (Deutsche Gesellschaft für experimentelle und klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, DGPT) and the Sphingolipid Club. The journal publishes invited reviews, original articles, short communications and meeting reports and appears monthly. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg''s Archives of Pharmacology welcomes manuscripts for consideration of publication that report new and significant information on drug action and toxicity of chemical compounds. Thus, its scope covers all fields of experimental and clinical pharmacology as well as toxicology and includes studies in the fields of neuropharmacology and cardiovascular pharmacology as well as those describing drug actions at the cellular, biochemical and molecular levels. Moreover, submission of clinical trials with healthy volunteers or patients is encouraged. Short communications provide a means for rapid publication of significant findings of current interest that represent a conceptual advance in the field.