Use of Saliva Analytes as a Predictive Model to Detect Diseases in the Pig: A Pilot Study.

IF 3.4 3区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Metabolites Pub Date : 2025-02-13 DOI:10.3390/metabo15020130

Eva Llamas-Amor, Alba Ortín-Bustillo, María José López-Martínez, Alberto Muñoz-Prieto, Edgar García Manzanilla, Julián Arense, Aida Miralles-Chorro, Pablo Fuentes, Silvia Martínez-Subiela, Antonio González-Bulnes, Elena Goyena, Andrea Martínez-Martínez, José Joaquín Cerón, Fernando Tecles

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background/objectives: Saliva is gaining importance as a diagnostic sample in pigs. The aim of this research was to evaluate a panel of salivary analytes in three porcine diseases and establish predictive models to detect them.

Methods: Saliva samples were obtained from healthy pigs (n = 97) and pigs affected by meningitis due to Streptococcus suis (n = 118), diarrhea due to enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC, n = 77), and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS, n = 52). The following biomarkers were analyzed: adenosine deaminase (ADA), haptoglobin (Hp), calprotectin (Calp), aldolase, alpha-amylase (sAA), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), total protein (TP), and advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs). Predictive models based on binary logistic regression and decision trees combining those analytes for detecting specific diseases were constructed.

Results: The results showed a different biomarker profile between the groups. S. suis and ETEC pigs showed higher values of ADA, Hp, Calp, aldolase, sAA, LDH, and TP than healthy pigs. Pigs with PRRS showed higher values of Hp, Calp, sAA, and LDH than healthy animals. The constructed predictive models showed overall accuracies of over 78% and 87% for differentiating ETEC and PRRS, respectively, whereas the models did not accurately predict S. suis infection.

Conclusions: Salivary analytes show different changes in pigs depending on the disease, and the combination of these analytes can contribute to the prediction of different diseases. Further studies should be conducted in larger populations to confirm these findings and evaluate their possible practical applications.

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来源期刊

Metabolites Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology-Molecular Biology

CiteScore

5.70

自引率

7.30%

发文量

1070

审稿时长

17.17 days

期刊介绍： Metabolites (ISSN 2218-1989) is an international, peer-reviewed open access journal of metabolism and metabolomics. Metabolites publishes original research articles and review articles in all molecular aspects of metabolism relevant to the fields of metabolomics, metabolic biochemistry, computational and systems biology, biotechnology and medicine, with a particular focus on the biological roles of metabolites and small molecule biomarkers. Metabolites encourages scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical results in as much detail as possible. Therefore, there is no restriction on article length. Sufficient experimental details must be provided to enable the results to be accurately reproduced. Electronic material representing additional figures, materials and methods explanation, or supporting results and evidence can be submitted with the main manuscript as supplementary material.