Multimodal Antibacterial E-Skin Patch Driven by Oxidative Stress for Real-Time Wound-Status Monitoring and Integrated Treatment of Chronic Wounds

Abstract

Healing of chronic wounds becomes a global health issue due to increasing incidence and associated burdens, and therefore promoting tissue-remodeling and monitoring wound-status visually are of particular significance. Herein, an electronic-skin patch (TENG-gel) composed by polydimethylsiloxane/polytetrafluoroethylene film, eutectic gallium–indium (E-GaIn), and quaternary chitosan/polyacrylamide/sodium alginate@molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) nanosheet (H_QPS@MoS₂) composite hydrogel is assembled layer-by-layer. First, the TENG-gel realizes multimodal antibacterial by integrating peroxidase-like activity, photothermal therapy, and nano-knife effect, which eliminates both Gram-positive/negative bacteria with killing ratio of above 95%. Besides, electrical stimulation generated from the TENG-gel promotes migration of fibroblasts after an incubation of 48 h by activating signaling pathways, and meanwhile accelerates vascularization by secreting different growth factors of CD31, VEGF, and TGF-β. Through providing an ideal microenvironment for tissue repair, the TENG-gel achieves 1.6-fold new hair follicles and 2.4-fold collagen deposition compared with those of the control group. More interestingly, dual temperature-/strain-sensing performance enables the TENG-gel with capability of monitoring wound status or reminding external danger signals in real-time dependent on variational electrical signals. Overall, unique advantages of such smart electronic-skin patch provide a personalized medicine strategy for realizing tissue reconstruction and monitoring synchronously.