Association of serum AMH levels with the number of oocytes retrieved in adolescent and young adult women undergoing controlled ovarian stimulation for fertility preservation

Abstract

Purpose

To investigate whether the number of oocytes retrieved after controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) for fertility preservation (FP) can be predicted using serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels in adolescent and young adult (AYA) women.

Methods

This is a retrospective cohort study in a large university-affiliated fertility center. AYA women aged 11 to 25 years received COS using gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist protocols for FP were enrolled. Those with canceled cycles or incomplete data were excluded. The primary outcome is to determine whether the number of oocytes retrieved can be predicted through serum AMH levels using multiple linear regression analysis.

Results

The mean numbers of oocytes retrieved, mature oocytes retrieved, and oocytes cryopreserved were 10.3 ± 7.6, 6.9 ± 6.2, and 8.5 ± 6.8, respectively. Multiple stepwise linear regression analysis revealed that serum AMH level independently predicts COS outcomes, including the total number of oocytes retrieved (adjusted R² = 0.222, P < 0.001), the number of mature oocytes retrieved (adjusted R² = 0.102, P = 0.013), and the number of oocytes cryopreserved (adjusted R² = 0.153, P = 0.003).

Conclusion

Serum AMH level was a significant predictor of the number of oocytes retrieved after COS for FP in AYA women, while antral follicle count and age were not significantly related.