Ângelo Rafael Machado, Thaís Machado Lima, Rafael Mendes Coelho, Geycson Figueiredo Dias, Priscila Izabela Soares, Helen Rodrigues Martins, Diego Leoni Franco, Arnaldo César Pereira, Lucas Franco Ferreira
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Laser-induced graphene (LIG) electrodes have shown promise for electroanalytical applications because of their unique properties, precise thickness, and morphology control. This study optimized the fabrication parameters of LIG electrodes on the thinnest commercial polyimide tapes by employing response surface methodology (RSM) combined with a randomized Box-Behnken experimental design (BBD). Kapton polyimide (PI) tapes were laser-engraved to create a three-electrode electrochemical system. Laser power, engraving speed, and laser distance were evaluated using the heterogeneous kinetic constant (k°) as the response variable. Optimal conditions were identified as 1.925 W power, 2729 mm/min speed, and 7.6 mm focal distance, yielding peak differences of 93 mV, electric double-layer capacitance of 1.95 µF, anodic peak current of 60.1 µA, and k° of 0.0074 cm/s. Raman spectroscopy of the LIG showed peaks at ~ 1350 cm−1 (D band), ~ 1580 cm−1 (G band), and ~ 2700 cm−1 (2D band), indicating disordered and ordered graphitic structures. XRD analysis confirmed the presence of amorphous adhesive material and partial restoration of the graphene structure, with peaks corresponding to reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and graphitic planes. Reproducibility and repeatability studies via cyclic voltammetry (CV) in Fe(CN)63−/4− solution showed minor variations in peak currents and potentials, with RSD values of 2.64% for anodic and 2.26% for cathodic currents. Stability over 120 cycles showed an RSD of 1.57% for potentials and 3.53% for currents, with long-term tests over 20 days revealing a 14.5% and 15.9% decrease in anodic and cathodic peak currents, respectively. Optimized LIG electrodes were used to determine catechol (CC) and ascorbic acid (AA) using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). CC determination yielded a linear range of 2 to 400 µM with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.37 µM and a limit of quantification (LOQ) of 1.25 µM. AA determination resulted in a linear range of 20–4000 µM with an LOD of 4.26 µM and an LOQ of 14.21 µM. These results highlight the excellent performance of the optimized LIG electrodes in electroanalytical applications.
期刊介绍：
The Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry is devoted to all aspects of solid-state chemistry and solid-state physics in electrochemistry.
The Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry publishes papers on all aspects of electrochemistry of solid compounds, including experimental and theoretical, basic and applied work. It equally publishes papers on the thermodynamics and kinetics of electrochemical reactions if at least one actively participating phase is solid. Also of interest are articles on the transport of ions and electrons in solids whenever these processes are relevant to electrochemical reactions and on the use of solid-state electrochemical reactions in the analysis of solids and their surfaces.
The journal covers solid-state electrochemistry and focusses on the following fields: mechanisms of solid-state electrochemical reactions, semiconductor electrochemistry, electrochemical batteries, accumulators and fuel cells, electrochemical mineral leaching, galvanic metal plating, electrochemical potential memory devices, solid-state electrochemical sensors, ion and electron transport in solid materials and polymers, electrocatalysis, photoelectrochemistry, corrosion of solid materials, solid-state electroanalysis, electrochemical machining of materials, electrochromism and electrochromic devices, new electrochemical solid-state synthesis.
The Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry makes the professional in research and industry aware of this swift progress and its importance for future developments and success in the above-mentioned fields.
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