Emerging Mechanisms of Metal-Catalyzed RNA and DNA Modifications.

IF 11.7 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Annual review of physical chemistry Pub Date : 2025-02-14 DOI:10.1146/annurev-physchem-082423-030241

Mohd Ahsan, Chinmai Pindi, Giulia Palermo

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Abstract

Metal ions play a critical role in various chemical, biological, and environmental processes. This review reports on emerging chemical mechanisms in the catalysis of DNA and RNA. We provide an overview of the metal-dependent mechanisms of DNA cleavage in CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)-Cas systems that are transforming life sciences through genome editing technologies, and showcase intriguing metal-dependent mechanisms of RNA cleavages. We show that newly discovered CRISPR-Cas complexes operate as protein-assisted ribozymes, highlighting RNA's versatility and the enhancement of CRISPR-Cas functions through strategic metal ion use. We demonstrate the power of computer simulations in observing chemical processes as they unfold and in advancing structural biology through innovative approaches for refining cryo-electron microscopy maps. Understanding metal ion involvement in nucleic acid catalysis is crucial for advancing genome editing, aiding therapeutic interventions for genetic disorders, and improving the editing tools' specificity and efficiency.

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金属催化RNA和DNA修饰的新机制。

金属离子在各种化学、生物和环境过程中起着关键作用。本文综述了DNA和RNA催化的新化学机制。我们概述了通过基因组编辑技术改变生命科学的CRISPR -Cas系统中DNA切割的金属依赖机制，并展示了有趣的RNA切割的金属依赖机制。我们展示了新发现的CRISPR-Cas复合物作为蛋白质辅助核酶运作，突出了RNA的多功能性和通过战略性金属离子使用增强CRISPR-Cas功能。我们展示了计算机模拟在观察化学过程中的力量，因为它们展开，并通过改进冷冻电子显微镜图的创新方法推进结构生物学。了解金属离子参与核酸催化对于推进基因组编辑、帮助遗传疾病的治疗干预以及提高编辑工具的特异性和效率至关重要。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Annual review of physical chemistry 化学-物理化学

CiteScore

28.00

自引率

0.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： The Annual Review of Physical Chemistry has been published since 1950 and is a comprehensive resource for significant advancements in the field. It encompasses various sub-disciplines such as biophysical chemistry, chemical kinetics, colloids, electrochemistry, geochemistry and cosmochemistry, chemistry of the atmosphere and climate, laser chemistry and ultrafast processes, the liquid state, magnetic resonance, physical organic chemistry, polymers and macromolecules, and others.