Ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in varied matrices of coastal environment of Maharashtra, India, and their effects on forked venus clam, Gafrarium divaricatum (Gmelin, 1791)

IF 5.3 3区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Marine pollution bulletin Pub Date : 2025-02-05 DOI:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.117644

Shubra Singh , Saurav Kumar , M. Harshavarthini , Pokanti Vinay Kumar , Nalini Poojary , Manoj Pandit Brahmane , Ashok Kumar Jaiswar , Gajanan S. Ghode , Varsha Bhatkar , N.S. Nagpure

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Abstract

The spatial and seasonal variation of heavy metal contamination was assessed in the seawater, sediments, and clam samples collected from Ratnagiri, Bandra, and Aksa Beach, along Maharashtra Coast, India, during the different seasons. The concentrations of eleven heavy metals were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES), and the metal concentrations were found in the order sediment > clam > seawater. Various pollution indices indicated that Cd and As mainly contributed to ecological risks, and Bandra was the most contaminated site. Bioaccumulation studies in intertidal clam, Gafrarium divaricatum (Gmelin, 1791), showed that most heavy metals exceeded permissible limits except Cu and Zn. Histopathological examination of the clam tissues revealed hemocyte infiltration, damage in cilia and lamellae of the gills, tubular atrophy, and necrosis in the digestive glands. The findings of this research highlight the potential of G. divaricatum as a reliable bioindicator species for biomonitoring and sustainable management of coastal ecosystems.

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来源期刊

Marine pollution bulletin 环境科学-海洋与淡水生物学

CiteScore

10.20

自引率

15.50%

发文量

1077

审稿时长

68 days

期刊介绍： Marine Pollution Bulletin is concerned with the rational use of maritime and marine resources in estuaries, the seas and oceans, as well as with documenting marine pollution and introducing new forms of measurement and analysis. A wide range of topics are discussed as news, comment, reviews and research reports, not only on effluent disposal and pollution control, but also on the management, economic aspects and protection of the marine environment in general.